1 The world of the Apache Iceberg Lakehouse
 
  
 This chapter covers
 
  
  - What a data lakehouse is and how it differs from traditional data architectures
  
  - How Apache Iceberg shapes the lakehouse paradigm
  
  - When and why you should implement an Apache Iceberg lakehouse
  
 
 
  
 The evolution of data architecture has been shaped by a constant struggle to balance performance, cost, and flexibility while ensuring data remains accessible and governed. Over the years, businesses have cycled through various approaches—data warehouses (analytics-optimized databases), data lakes (analytics on files stored on distributed storage), and hybrid solutions—each attempting to solve the challenges of scaling analytics, reducing complexity, and controlling costs.
 
  
 
1.1 What is a data lakehouse
 
 
 
1.1.1 The rise of data warehouses
 
 
 
1.1.2 The move to cloud data warehouses
 
 
 
1.1.3 The data lake and the Hadoop era
 
 
 
1.1.4 Apache Iceberg: The key to the data lakehouse
 
 
 
1.1.5 The data lakehouse: the best of both worlds
 
 
 
1.2 What is Apache Iceberg?
 
 
 
1.2.1 The need for a table format
 
 
 
1.2.2 How Apache Iceberg manages metadata
 
 
 
1.2.3 Key features of Apache Iceberg
 
 
 
1.2.4 Apache Iceberg as an open-source standard
 
 
 
1.3 The benefits of Apache Iceberg
 
 
 
1.3.1 ACID transactions
 
 
 
1.3.2 Table evolution
 
 
 
1.3.3 Time travel & snapshot-based queries
 
 
 
1.3.4 Hidden partitioning for reduced accidental full-table scans
 
 
 
1.3.5 Cost efficiency & optimized query performance
 
 
 
1.4 The components of an Apache Iceberg lakehouse
 
 
 
1.4.1 The storage layer: The foundation of your lakehouse
 
 
 
1.4.2 The ingestion layer: Feeding data into Iceberg tables
 
 
 
1.4.3 The catalog layer: The entry point to your lakehouse
 
 
 
1.4.4 The federation layer: Modeling & accelerating data
 
 
 
1.4.5 The consumption layer: Delivering value to the business
 
 
 
1.5 Summary