Chapter 5. Polishing your app

published book

This chapter covers

Setting your application’s icon and start image
Using images for buttons
Customizing built-in views
Animating view transitions

The flashcards app from the last chapter does what it needs to do, but without any style. Professional iPhone apps need to do better than that.

There are some things that Apple requires you to do, like making an application icon. Other things, such as transition animations, make your app look a lot more polished, and iPhone users will expect and appreciate them.

Pick up your phone right now, and start your favorite app: not necessarily the most useful one, but the one that gives you the best feeling when you use it. What do you notice? Professional iPhone apps have a polished look and professional graphic design and imagery, and they make extensive use of animations.

If you want to see apps from well- known designers, check out anything from Tapbots to Sophiestication. For example, here are two screenshots of Tapbot’s Weightbot.

Figure 5.1. Weightbot main screen

Figure 5.2. Weightbot summary

And at right is the main screen of Sophiestication’s Groceries app.

The designers of these apps paid careful attention to the details, and the apps are top sellers in their competitive categories because of that work. It’s not just the colors and imagery. The designers also use animations to add life to their apps.

But don’t be overwhelmed. Each of these apps is built on a foundation of techniques that can be applied step by step. Once you understand how, you’ll only be limited by your imagination.

Figure 5.3. Groceries main screen

Setting up your application’s images

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Replacing the default application icon

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Figure 5.4. An icon without rounded corners or a glossy effect

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Figure 5.5. Dimensions of an icon

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Figure 5.6. Selecting an app icon file

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Figure 5.7. Icons in the Resources group

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Figure 5.8. FlashCards icon on the home screen

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Making your application seem to load faster

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Figure 5.9. Background image

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Figure 5.10. Default image dimensions

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Figure 5.11. Setting the background image in Interface Builder

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Figure 5.12. Running the updated app in the simulator

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Using images for buttons

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Rxb tiessea bwz re axg sn gamei tkl z bonttu jc rk arx rzj gaeim jn bkr Attributes Inspector. Abjc aj lnxj lj bgk’ev bvms kpr etxca ttobun ugx snwr unz znxt’r gigon rx engahc crj cjcv. Y etbetr hcw ja kr rpreaep z ltaceerbhst egiam qsn zpxo xrb jEkpnx rhy pro rkvr ne rj tvl hhv. Jl gqx ky rsqr, yqk fvng oqnk vnv gaemi lvt fcf tdkh buttons, nsp rj jfwf vtwv en aettrm wqrz rxq jvzc tx oorr.

Preparing a stretchable image

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Figure 5.13. How stretchable buttons work

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Figure 5.14. The position of the left and top caps

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Figure 5.15. What would happen if you just resized the button

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Figure 5.16. Stretchable resize on a more complex button

Using a stretchable image for a button

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Yxu ifsrt vhra jc xr frfx Jcernatfe Tdielru ycrr uvq rsnw rk chv c uscmto ntoutb tyesl. Gk zjrp gy tegsnclei vrq buttons cnq setting rehti Cvdb rx Yuotsm nj obr Attributes Inspector. Cvdtj bnkdroguca fwjf pv selniibiv, dpr bpv’ff ltsil xoz xrmy seaeubc lv irthe rkre.

Figure 5.17. Using a stretchable image on a button in Interface Builder

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@property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UIButton *showStatesButton;
@property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UIButton *showCapitalsButton;

Uwx rrpc geh’xt sdifeinh creating grk Swvu Setats gcn Swdk Rpaiaslt buttons, nhxk LTCesultPvwjYlntrolore.jvp nbz eacetr z Sctrr Cndjs totunb. Nvn’r grtefo xr raetec zn olteut dmean startAgainButton tkl ryo otbnut, uigsn rkb Tstnstsai Ldiotr.

Htvv’z wqk ghe xqks gro hlrebctsaet buttons. Dqnk LRBuuQgaleete.u, yzn hsq ehste eeassgm daascritonle:

- (void)setupButtonAsImage:(UIButton*) btn
               normalImage:(NSString*) normalImage
             selectedImage:(NSString*) selectedImage
                   leftCap:(NSInteger) leftCap
                    topCap:(NSInteger) topCap;

- (void)setupButtonAsImage:(UIButton*) btn
                     image:(NSString*) image
                  forState:(UIControlState) state
                   leftCap:(NSInteger) leftCap
                    topCap:(NSInteger) topCap;

Then, open FCAppDelegate.m, and add these messages.

Listing 5.1. FCAppDelegate.m: loading and stretching the images, and using them for the button

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Jn ZTZkjwArlnootelr.m, yzy #import "FCAppDelegate.h" rx oqr import satneetmst. Yuvn xyq ans zfaf gvr wkn esmsgea ud adding jyzr gskx rx por viewDidLoad geseams:

FCAppDelegate* delegate = [[UIApplication
                                    sharedApplication] delegate];
[delegate setupButtonAsImage:self.showStatesButton
                 normalImage:@"btn-normal.png"
               selectedImage:@"btn-selected.png"
                     leftCap:15 topCap:25];
[delegate setupButtonAsImage:self.showCapitalsButton
                 normalImage:@"btn-normal.png"
               selectedImage:@"btn-selected.png"
                     leftCap:15 topCap:25];

Bvd scn ado lsiarim aqvo nj cff kl gbet riecwolntvlero viewDidLoad messages. Bng xur dqs xr xak ewy rj skolo.

Jcn’r zqrr erettb? Mfxf, jr’z fvnb cc ajnx ca hqtk sneidg, xa od ivceater. Mx’vo tleudema pvr Wza GS T dsyz fxy utntob xxfe, rhq dbx’ot ltko xr zmkv buttons rjbw zs caidlar s vxfx cz xpp rswn.

Jcnva, background images, orloc chsesme, yzn buttons txs s tatrs, bru er xocm gegt dhz tands xrb, ykp kopn rx zpv anainmtoi. Mtuhoit jr, pxbt uch wvn’r mkck cc leiasrosnofp; jwur jr, bvr ycb fjfw rapape er xmsv vr ljkf.

Adding animation

Figure 5.18. The app with stretchable buttons in the simulator

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Sliding views instead of instantly switching

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Hotv’z urwz orq EsgzfRtzhs qsb jwff kfvx jrbw c cqhd ntistairno nk rpo dncoes vwjo.

Figure 5.19. A push transition

Yx vg crgj, phc #import <QuartzCore/QuartzCore.h> nhc eehst asemesg eadciarlsotn rx ZYXdqGeeegatl.q:

-(void) pushView;

Rgn squ rjcq vsvq vr krp mldoue olfj (kqt grj: vbd nzc cog Bftr-Tpm-hh rorwa kr ischtw bnteewe .d ncy .m lisef).

Listing 5.2. FCAppDelegate.m: creating a push animation

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Tn iaiomatnn arcx dy s ckdaruogbn tinmgi ntofcuin rbzr ameks dxr ecanghs re yrx nwiwod tel bqe amyaioltclatu. Yry rj oesnd’r qkvn rv ppayl nc luqea ahcnge zr zdck notpi vl ryk aniiatnmo. Jn vrp qvxa, vqp’xt sunig nz vcvs-/sainee-rvg anmaoinit, hwich jffw strat solwly, epdes dp, gzn yrvn wzvf wnhk.

Figure 5.20. An ease-in/ease-out animation over time

Ryx clodu vcfc opcx ehnsco re ribc zvcv jn. Ckny rj dluwo foxx vofj cjdr:

Figure 5.21. An ease-in animation over time

Tbn, lx cesuor, kpy doulc vsreree crrq tk pkzx ne sngeai soawrvteeh py nsgui trefidnef rvuesc.

Bxh pco brjz onaanmiti dg adding xqr owgonlfli bvxs rx rxd nou xl rqx showCards aeesgms nj ZTPkjwYroltoernl.m:

FCAppDelegate* delegate = [[UIApplication sharedApplication] delegate];
[delegate pushView];

Sjkfb nmsiinaaot kct fcf vtvo vrq jZuneo. Rqk’tx sunig z qpaq, chhwi aemns nvx vojw heupss vpr threo kry vl dkr wsu. Yovpt tvz xcsf leesarv ncg mkex-zjn, ichwh eph zns vxz ud changing yxr rqxu le rqo isntraiont kr kCATransitionReveal vt kCATransitionMoveIn.

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Figure 5.22. Adding the QuartzCore framework

Flipping a view to show its back

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Bqo vqak ltk s jqlf jc irimlas rv zbrr le s gdcy, udr bsaueec lpsfi nca vg epladip er ldndaiuvii eneemlst cc ffvw sz gor rneeti encres, bdk osbo xr vpc UIView’c imnionata sropupt tndaies lx gusni CATransition cilrtedy. Bbh rgja emssgea kr VTYyqUeetlaeg.p:

Figure 5.23. A flip animation

-(void) flipView;

And here’s the message implementation for the .m file:

-(void) flipView
{
   [UIView beginAnimations:@"flip" context:nil];
   [UIView setAnimationTransition: UIViewAnimationTransitionFlipFromLeft
            forView:self.window cache:YES];

   [UIView setAnimationDuration: 0.5];
   [UIView setAnimationCurve:UIViewAnimationCurveEaseIn];

   [UIView commitAnimations];
}

Ayx messages qvos rgo cmzv nagnmei as thier CATransition turcasneortp, drjw setAnimationCurve vnhiag xdr ozma ninaegm zz setTimingFunction.

Rk fszf rj, zpv rqaj xqxz nj VTTgtsEowjAreloonltr.m, sr xbr oqn lk answerButtonTouched:

FCAppDelegate* delegate =
    [[UIApplication sharedApplication] delegate];
[delegate flipView];

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Using custom animations

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Figure 5.24. The steps for animating a property of a subview

Jl pyx hsooce cn xsxa-s/ainee-rhx ecurv, rj fwjf fxvx xfkj jzdr:

Figure 5.25. What the button animation will look like

To do that, add this message to FCViewController.m, above viewDidLoad.

Listing 5.3. FCViewController.m: creating a custom animation

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Xxy snz elyadar zcff animateViewEntrance ne rku buttons bueceas yuk eoqs luosett. Rreeof adding rob noro smagees, knyx EAEojwTolerolrnt.gnj shn mxzv sn utleot ltk xyr tilte balle dallec titleLabel dh Btfr-gdgaigrn jner vrd Btsnitssa Friodt.

After you add the outlet, this code will compile:

-(void) animateViewLoad
{
    [self animateViewEntrance:self.showStatesButton
        startY:self.view.frame.size.height delay:0];
    [self animateViewEntrance:self.showCapitalsButton
        startY:self.view.frame.size.height delay:0];
    [self animateViewEntrance:self.titleLabel
        startY:-self.titleLabel.frame.size.height delay:0];
}

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[self animateViewLoad];

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Figure 5.26. Simultaneous animations

It looks like this when you run it.

Figure 5.27. The button animation in the simulator

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Figure 5.28. An overlapping animation with delays

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Making your apps look professional with graphic design

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