List of Listings

Chapter 1. Introduction to R

Listing 1.1. A sample R session

Listing 1.2. An example of commands used to manage the R workspace

Listing 1.3. Working with a new package

Chapter 2. Creating a dataset

Listing 2.1. Creating matrices

Listing 2.2. Using matrix subscripts

Listing 2.3. Creating an array

Listing 2.4. Creating a data frame

Listing 2.5. Specifying elements of a data frame

Listing 2.6. Using factors

Listing 2.7. Creating a list

Chapter 3. Getting started with graphs

Listing 3.1. Using graphical parameters to control graph appearance

Listing 3.2. An example of custom axes

Listing 3.3. Comparing Drug A and Drug B response by dose

Listing 3.4. Fine placement of figures in a graph

Chapter 4. Basic data management

Listing 4.1. Creating the leadership data frame

Listing 4.2. Creating new variables

Listing 4.3. Applying the is.na() function

Listing 4.4. Using na.omit() to delete incomplete observations

Listing 4.5. Converting from one data type to another

Listing 4.6. Selecting observations

Listing 4.7. Using SQL statements to manipulate data frames

Chapter 5. Advanced data management

Listing 5.1. Calculating the mean and standard deviation

Listing 5.2. Generating pseudo-random numbers from a uniform distribution

Listing 5.3. Generating data from a multivariate normal distribution

Listing 5.4. Applying functions to data objects

Listing 5.5. Applying a function to the rows (columns) of a matrix

Listing 5.6. A solution to the learning example

Listing 5.7. A switch example