The backend-for-frontend pattern exposes client-specific backend interfaces instead of making each frontend understand every underlying service. An API gateway can implement this pattern by encapsulating backend complexity and presenting interfaces tailored to client needs. section 9.1
Without an intermediary, clients must discover and call multiple API endpoints themselves. That increases client responsibility and spreads authentication, authorization, inventory, monitoring, and hardening across separate entry points. section 9.1
E-commerce API boundary
An e-commerce backend may contain APIs deployed across serverless platforms, Kubernetes clusters, and dedicated servers. A gateway can expose a client-oriented interface while hiding those deployment details and underlying API locations. section 9.1



