Change tracking records the state of loaded entities so persistence can detect which properties changed. EF Core snapshots an entity's property values, compares them when SaveChanges() runs, and includes only changed properties in the generated UPDATE statement. section 12.4.4
Updating a recipe
RecipeService loads a recipe, updates its Name and TimeToCook properties, and calls SaveChangesAsync(). EF Core determines which values differ from the tracking snapshot and generates the corresponding SQL update.

