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Data inventory

As explained in Secure APIs

A data inventory is a catalog of the data an organization possesses, exposes, or processes and the locations where it resides.

A data inventory catalogs the data an organization collects, how it collects it, where it stores it, how long it keeps it, and how APIs expose it. Keeping it current reveals sensitive data and the endpoints that handle it. section 2.1

Evaluate the inventory by asking:

  • What kinds of data do you collect, and how do you collect them? section 2.1
  • Where is the data stored, how long is it retained, and is the inventory updated regularly? section 2.1
  • How does the API expose the data, and which endpoints contain the most sensitive information? section 2.1
  • Check whether the inventory is continuously updated; mature API security operations know what sensitive data they expose and where. section 2.7
Table 2.1 API security posture evaluation questionnaire1
Mature
Not mature
Data inventory
Is your data inventory up to date and continuously updated?
Yes
No
Attack surface
Is your attack surface completely mapped and always up to date?
Yes
No
Authentication and authorization
Do you follow best practices and standards for authentication and authorization?
Yes
No
Access controls
Do you have secure and strict access controls, and are they continuously updated?
Yes
No
Secure implementation
Do you use secure design and implementation patterns?
Yes
No
Security testing
Do you continuously test your APIs for security?
Yes
No
Risk analysis
Have you mapped out your API business risks, and are they continuously updated?
Yes
No
Incident detection
Do you have proper API observability and automated detection of malicious activity?
Yes
No
Incident response plan
Do you have a detailed response plan for security breaches, and is it continuously updated?
Yes
No
Training and awareness
Do you continuously train your staff on API security?
Yes
No
1Answer yes only when you’re 100% into a category. If you’ve mapped 95% of your attack surface, for example, that’s still no, and if your data inventory is updated regularly but not continuously on every change, that’s still no.

Use the posture questionnaire to assess whether the data inventory is current and continuously maintained. section 2.1

How Secure APIs covers it

How deep it goes
Defines collection, storage, retention, exposure, and update questions, but stops short of prescribing inventory tooling or implementation.
Examples
Uses questions about collected data, storage duration, API exposure, sensitive endpoints, and continuous updating.
What you can do after
Evaluate whether an API security posture knows what sensitive data it exposes and where that data resides.
How it connects
Connects data inventory with attack surface, access controls, authentication and authorization, risk analysis, and threat modeling.

Related concepts

This explainer was generated by Manning's knowledge graph from the text of Secure APIs. The section links point to the parts of the book it draws on.