A deep learning framework supplies abstractions and computational support for constructing, training, and running neural-network models. It automates backpropagation: calculating gradients and adjusting weights to reduce loss. section 5.2.4
Framework choice affects how models are developed and deployed:
- PyTorch offers a flexible, intuitive, Pythonic interface and is designed for GPU-based parallel processing. section 5.2.4
- TensorFlow remains used for large-scale deployments and supporting tools and hardware, while Keras makes TensorFlow more accessible. section 5.2.4
Comparing frameworks with data
A pandas workflow reads a Wikipedia comparison of deep learning software, converts capability fields into scores, and ranks frameworks by portability. The resulting list places PyTorch first, followed by Apache MXNet and TensorFlow.


