Exclusive feature bundling (EFB) speeds tree learning on high-dimensional data by grouping compatible features, reducing the effective number of features processed during training. section 5.3 section 5.3.1
EFB addresses a specific bottleneck in histogram-based gradient boosting:
- Histogram-bin construction can become slow when a dataset contains many observations, many features, or both. section 5.3.1
- Instead of reducing training examples, as Gradient-based One-Side Sampling does, EFB reduces the number of features processed. section 5.3.1
- The resulting reduction can improve training speed and lower memory usage while supporting large-scale datasets. section 5.3
EFB is one of LightGBM’s algorithmic speedups alongside histogram-based learning and GOSS; it targets feature dimensionality rather than sample count. section 5.3 section 5.6

