Federated identity integration lets Kubernetes authenticate developer identities through an external identity provider, then lets RBAC use those identities as Users and Groups. GKE natively recognizes Google users and can recognize Google groups when Google Groups for RBAC is enabled; other platforms may require OpenID Connect (OIDC) integration. section 12.6
Groups reduce administration: bind a Role or ClusterRole to one group instead of listing every individual user. The identity-provider setup depends on the platform and remains separate from defining Kubernetes permissions. section 12.6


