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Generation-based evaluation

As explained in Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback

Generation-based evaluation assesses a model by scoring complete responses it generates rather than selecting from a fixed answer representation.

Generation-based evaluation scores a model’s completed response instead of sampling a single answer token from a fixed representation. It better mirrors open-ended usage, especially when models produce chain-of-thought reasoning before their final answer. section 16.1.3 section 16.1.4

A typical evaluation flow combines:

  • A task-specific prompt that requests reasoning and constrains the final answer format. section 16.1.4
  • Nonzero-temperature generation when reasoning models benefit from sampling. section 16.1.4
  • Exact-match checking against the required final answer, even when the response includes long-form reasoning. section 16.1.4

Multiple-choice generation

A prompt can require concise reasoning and an ending such as “Therefore, the answer is (C).” The evaluator then extracts or checks the final answer letter rather than accepting a single sampled token as the whole response. section 16.1.4

Answer the following multiple-choice question by giving the correct answer 
letter in parentheses.
Provide CONCISE reasoning for the answer, and make sure to finish the
response with "Therefore, the answer is (ANSWER_LETTER)" where
(ANSWER_LETTER) is one of (A), (B), (C), (D), (E), etc.

Question: {question}
(A) {choice_A}
(B) {choice_B}
(C) ...

Answer the above question and REMEMBER to finish your response with the
exact phrase "Therefore, the answer is (ANSWER_LETTER)" where
(ANSWER_LETTER) is one of (A), (B), (C), (D), (E), etc.

Use the prompt template to enforce a predictable reasoning-and-answer format for generative multiple-choice evaluation. section 16.1.4

How Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback covers it

How deep it goes
Explains prompting, temperature, reasoning output, and exact-match checking without detailing a full scoring implementation.
Examples
Uses MMLU-style prompts requiring concise reasoning and a final answer letter in a prescribed phrase.
What you can do after
Evaluate generated answers with task prompts, sampling settings, and exact-match checks.
How it connects
Connects chain-of-thought reasoning, zero-shot evaluation, instruction fine-tuning, RLHF, and multiple-choice evaluation.

Related concepts

This explainer was generated by Manning's knowledge graph from the text of Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback. The section links point to the parts of the book it draws on.