Log4j is a Java logging framework for recording application events with configurable severity, destinations, and message formatting. It provides more control than System.out, System.err, or printStackTrace(). section 4.2.2
Tracing digit extraction
A StringDigitExtractor logs an info message before and after extracting digits, then logs each parsed character at debug level. An info root logger shows the operation summary; changing the root level to debug reveals the character-by-character trace.
