A single Transformer can translate many languages into one target language. One 102-to-English system trained on 25 billion examples tested how GPipe made much larger models practical to train. section 6.3.2
Scaling the translation model
Models ranged from roughly 400 million to 6 billion parameters. Translation quality generally improved with size, with diminishing returns at the largest scales. Low-resource languages gained especially strongly over bilingual baselines; at 1.3 billion parameters, a deep model outperformed a wider one. section 6.3.2
