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One-to-many problem

As explained in Inside Deep Learning: Math, Algorithms, Models

A function-like relationship in which one input can correspond to multiple valid outputs.

A one-to-many problem has one input with several valid outputs, unlike classification tasks where each input has one correct answer. Generative models address this ambiguity by producing different plausible results. section 9.0

Conditional generation makes the relationship controllable:

  • A conditional GAN receives an input or label y and generates a realistic output associated with it. section 9.5
  • The latent variable z supplies variation, allowing the same input to produce multiple valid outputs. section 9.5
  • Using the same z with different labels can preserve shared characteristics while changing the requested result. section 9.5

Possible outputs

The input concept “seven” can produce several valid images of the digit. Likewise, one black-and-white photograph can have multiple equally valid colorizations. section 9.0

How Inside Deep Learning: Math, Algorithms, Models covers it

How deep it goes
Explains conditional generation and latent-variable diversity, but does not detail implementation or training mechanics.
Examples
Uses digit generation, photograph colorization, and conditional generation of varied cats or digits.
What it assumes
Contrasts with one-to-one mappings and assumes familiarity with inputs, outputs, labels, and latent vectors.
What you can do after
Apply conditional GANs to generate multiple plausible outputs from one input by varying the latent vector.
How it connects
Connects one-to-many mappings with generative models, GANs, conditional GANs, and latent vectors.

Related concepts

This explainer was generated by Manning's knowledge graph from the text of Inside Deep Learning: Math, Algorithms, Models. The section links point to the parts of the book it draws on.