Privilege escalation occurs when a container or workload gains permissions or capabilities beyond its initial grant. In Kubernetes, a container with the privileged flag can break out and affect the host as a superuser. section 13.3.2
Reduce the main escalation paths by:
- Forcing containers to prevent privilege escalation. section 13.3.2
- Preventing images from running as the root user by default; publicly available images may use root to avoid internal permission problems. section 13.3.2
- Evaluating admission controls carefully: PodSecurityPolicy was deprecated starting in Kubernetes 1.21 and is removed in its current form in 1.25, while organizations often adopted Gatekeeper instead. section 13.3.2


