Vertical regulation governs a specific application or sector of a technology instead of covering all of its uses broadly. It addresses concrete risks within defined domains. section 10.31
China illustrates this approach through separate measures for recommendation algorithms, deep synthesis such as deepfakes, and generative artificial intelligence. Requirements can address system design, deployment, transparency, and disclosures to authorities and the public. section 10.31
This model can respond quickly as technology changes: regulators revise rules, fill gaps, or expand existing requirements. Its cost is uncertainty, since developers may find compliance difficult to maintain across successive updates. section 10.31
