Build-versus-buy decision
A build-versus-buy decision is an evaluation of whether to develop a capability internally or obtain it from an external product, service, or provider.
LLMs in Production
A decision framework for choosing between developing a capability internally and acquiring it from an external provider.
- How it is used
- Frames the choice between external LLM offerings and an internally built capability for production work.
- How deep it goes
- Compares practical trade-offs and proposes a phase-dependent approach, but does not specify a decision procedure in the supplied prose.
- Examples
- Uses GPT-4 or Databricks subscriptions for quick prototypes aimed at funding or stakeholder buy-in.
- What you can do after
- Evaluate/understand when to buy, build, or use each approach at a different project phase.
Read how LLMs in Production explains build-versus-buy decision →
Machine Learning System Design
A decision process for choosing between developing a capability internally and obtaining it from an external provider.
- How it is used
- Guides ML-system planning when a familiar problem may have a vendor solution, before committing to internal development.
- How deep it goes
- Works through practical decision questions and a search-service case without prescribing a numerical scoring model.
- Examples
- Uses rented cloud infrastructure, outsourced selfie verification, and a photo marketplace’s text-to-image search to test sourcing assumptions.
- What you can do after
- Practice/perform a component-level sourcing assessment using business centrality, vendor fit, price, maintenance, time, and team capacity.
Read how Machine Learning System Design explains build-versus-buy decision →
Cloud Observability in Action
A build-or-buy decision is a strategic choice between developing a capability internally and procuring it from an external provider.
- How it is used
- Guides selection of frontend, all-in-one, backend, or internal-platform capabilities against value, differentiation, and dependence.
- How deep it goes
- Explains strategic choice and practical cost checks, but stops short of a quantified decision framework.
- Examples
- Uses hosted frontends, all-in-ones, self-hosted observability, and integrated open-source platforms as decision examples.
- What you can do after
- Apply it via a value, differentiation, dependency, and total-cost assessment before selecting an observability capability.
Read how Cloud Observability in Action explains build-versus-buy decision →
Related concepts
- total cost of ownershipuses · Total cost of ownership is the aggregate cost of acquiring, operating, maintaining, supporting, and eventually replacing or retiring an asset over its lifecycle.
- checklistuses · A structured list of tasks, questions, or criteria used to guide an activity or systematically verify that relevant requirements have been addressed.
- privacycontrasts with · Privacy is the protection and controlled handling of information or activities to prevent inappropriate access, collection, use, or disclosure.
- open sourceuses · Open-source software is software whose source code is available under a license permitting use, study, modification, and redistribution.
- designconfigures · Design is the process of planning and specifying an artifact’s structure, behavior, or presentation, and the resulting arrangement, to meet intended purposes and constraints.
These guides are generated from the text of Manning books by Manning's knowledge graph and link to the sections they draw on. The full books are available on liveBook and at manning.com.


