CAP_SYS_ADMIN is a broad Linux capability that permits filesystem mounts and unmounts, among many other system-administration operations. Podman drops it from containers by default, so even root processes cannot remount read-only mount points. section 10.2.2 section 10.7
Rootful Podman running inside a container needs CAP_SYS_ADMIN to mount filesystems; --privileged supplies it. Rootless Podman instead uses CAP_SETUID and CAP_SETGID, which can support a narrower configuration. section 8.4.1 section 8.4.2
Run nested rootful Podman
podman run --privileged quay.io/podman/stable podman version demonstrates a nested Podman invocation that requires filesystem-mount permission. section 8.4.1
