A collision-resistant hash function makes it computationally infeasible to find two different inputs that produce the same hash value. Hashes accept inputs of any size and return fixed-size outputs, so collision resistance is a security property rather than a guarantee that collisions are mathematically impossible. section 4.2.1
Different inputs, different SHA-256 values
SHA-256 produces different example outputs for lowercase “a,” uppercase “A,” and a 2.6 GB Ubuntu ISO. The values are fixed at 256 bits even though the inputs have very different sizes. section 4.2.1
Do not design or implement a cryptographic hash function yourself. Use standardized, peer-reviewed functions from a standard library and approved by the relevant information-security team. section 4.2.1


