A device fingerprint combines characteristics such as a browser and operating system to create an identifier for a browsing device. It can support identity resolution when a visitor remains anonymous, but privacy concerns and changing technologies can reduce its effectiveness. section 6.2
Use device fingerprinting as one signal among several anonymous-to-known resolution approaches:
- Pair it with first-party cookies, IP address analysis, or device IDs rather than treating any single signal as definitive. section 6.2
- Account for shared networks, proxy servers, blocked identifiers, privacy concerns, and evolving browser technologies. section 6.2
- Consider progressive profiling or single sign-on when consented identifying information is more reliable than inferred identity. section 6.2


