A root certificate is a self-signed certificate that anchors a certificate authority trust chain. In an Istio service mesh, it establishes the trust basis for workload identities and certificates used in service-to-service communication. section 4.3.3
Istio supports several certificate-authority deployment choices:
- Use the default CA-generated self-signed root certificate and key to sign microservice certificates. section 4.3.3
- Provide an administrator-specified certificate and key for CA signing. section 4.3.3
- Configure an existing organizational root certificate or delegated CA signing certificate and key, a common enterprise arrangement. section 4.3.3
- Keep root signing responsibility centralized or delegate certificate signing to a subordinate CA. section 4.3.3


