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Statistical confidence

As explained in Causal Inference for Data Science

A quantified degree of statistical assurance that an estimated result reflects a non-random effect under specified assumptions.

Statistical confidence is the degree of assurance that an observed difference reflects a real effect rather than random variation. In causal questions, randomized controlled trials and A/B tests provide the most reliable basis for establishing that confidence. section 1.3.4

Website design test

An A/B test may show that a new website produces more visits than the old design, supporting a causal difference with statistical confidence. If the design changes many things, the test cannot identify which change caused the result. If the change is small, detecting its effect may require a very large group. section 1.3.4

How Causal Inference for Data Science covers it

How deep it goes
Explains its role in causal confirmation and sample-size trade-offs, but stops short of formal calculation or implementation.
Examples
Uses a website redesign experiment, visit counts, broad versus narrow changes, and large groups for small effects.
What you can do after
Evaluate causal differences by interpreting randomized experiments while recognizing attribution and sample-size limitations.
How it connects
Connects randomized controlled trials, A/B tests, causality, effect size, and sample size.

Related concepts

This explainer was generated by Manning's knowledge graph from the text of Causal Inference for Data Science. The section links point to the parts of the book it draws on.