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Subtractive color model

As explained in Everyday Data Visualization

A subtractive color model represents colors by combining pigments or other materials that absorb light, with combined colors reflecting less light.

The subtractive color model describes paint, ink, and similar materials. Mixing pigments makes the result reflect less light because each pigment absorbs particular colors. section 4.1 section 4.1.3

Keep the two color worlds separate:

  • Use cyan, magenta, and yellow as the subtractive primary colors. section 4.1.3
  • Expect printer ink to use CMY or CMYK, with K representing black. section 4.1.3
  • Do not transfer screen-light intuition directly to paint: additive mixtures produce more light, while subtractive mixtures produce less. section 4.1.2 section 4.1.3

Why red and green paint do not make yellow

Red paint absorbs green light, while green paint absorbs red light. Together, the pigments absorb red, green, and blue light instead of producing the yellow expected from mixing colored light. section 4.1.3

Figure 4.7 This illustration shows how paint primary colors relate to light primary colors and which light primary colors are absorbed and reflected by each paint primary color.
04-07

Use the comparison diagram to see how paint primaries correspond to light primaries and which colors each pigment absorbs or reflects. section 4.1.3

How Everyday Data Visualization covers it

How deep it goes
Defines absorption and reflection, identifies CMY primaries, and contrasts reduced reflected light with additive mixing.
Examples
Uses red and green paint, printer ink, and diagrams relating additive and subtractive primaries.
What you can do after
Apply it by choosing CMY or CMYK for print rather than treating screen RGB as a paint model.
How it connects
Connects additive color model, RGB, CMYK, paint, ink, and print.

Related concepts

This explainer was generated by Manning's knowledge graph from the text of Everyday Data Visualization. The section links point to the parts of the book it draws on.