The time value of money means that money available today is worth more than the same nominal amount received later. Invested funds can earn interest, while inflation can reduce purchasing power. section 2.1.1
$1 today versus $1 next year
At a 5% annual interest rate, $1 invested today becomes $1.05 in one year. An uninvested dollar may also buy less after inflation. section 2.1.1
The principle helps interpret financial performance across time: a company whose net income stays unchanged for ten years may generate less real value each year. section 2.1.1

