A binary string is an ordered sequence of bits, with each position holding either 0 or 1. Optimization methods use it to represent candidate solutions in a finite binary search space. section 9.3 section 7.3.2
Encoding a ticket price
A binary genetic algorithm represents ticket prices from 75.0 to 235.0 with 0.1 precision using 8-bit chromosomes. Example encodings include 01001101 for 77 and 11001011 for 203. The required length follows range size, precision, and logarithms base 2. section 7.3.2
Binary particle swarm optimization updates each bit using its current value, fitness-related information, neighboring particles’ best bit values, and a probability derived from a sigmoid-transformed velocity. section 9.3
Figure 7.8 Binary encoding
Use the binary-encoding figure to inspect how candidate values become bit strings. section 7.3.2




