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Distribution system

As explained in Acing the CCNA Exam: Volume 2 Advanced Networking and Security

A DS, or distribution system, is the interconnection that links basic service sets within an extended service set.

A distribution system (DS) interconnects basic service sets (BSSs), allowing wireless clients to reach hosts outside their own BSS. In an extended service set (ESS), the DS links multiple access points so one WLAN can provide wider coverage and roaming. section 18.3.2 section 18.3.3

Key operational points:

  • Carries traffic between BSSs and the rest of the network, rather than allowing clients in separate BSSs to communicate directly. section 18.3.2
  • Supports an ESS in which each BSS has a unique BSSID, while the BSSs share one SSID for a single user-visible WLAN. section 18.3.3
  • Uses WLC distribution system ports as physical network connections; those ports can form a LAG for bandwidth and redundancy. section 21.2.1

Enterprise WLAN

Three BSSs can connect through a DS to form an ESS. A client sees one SSID and can roam between APs as signal strength changes, while the DS connects the WLAN to the wider network. section 18.3.3 section 18.3.2

Figure 18.16 The DS connects each BSS to the rest of the network, enabling wireless clients to communicate with hosts outside of their BSSs.

Visualizes how the DS connects each BSS to the rest of the network and enables communication beyond individual BSS boundaries. section 18.3.2

How Acing the CCNA Exam: Volume 2 Advanced Networking and Security covers it

How deep it goes
Defines DS behavior through BSS and ESS relationships and WLC port roles, but does not provide DS configuration commands.
Examples
Uses a three-BSS ESS, roaming clients, and WLC DS ports combined into a LAG.
What it assumes
Builds from basic service sets, access points, SSIDs, and BSSIDs before extending the topology to ESSs and WLC connections.
What you can do after
Evaluate WLAN diagrams by identifying how BSSs, APs, WLCs, and external hosts connect through the DS.
How it connects
Connects basic service sets, access points, extended service sets, wireless LAN controllers, and link aggregation.

Related concepts

This explainer was generated by Manning's knowledge graph from the text of Acing the CCNA Exam: Volume 2 Advanced Networking and Security. The section links point to the parts of the book it draws on.