The DRY principle reduces repeated knowledge or behavior by establishing a minimal basis of essential operations. Duplication is a warning sign, not an absolute rule: centralizing behavior prevents implementations from diverging and lowers cognitive load. section 7.5
Duplicated cylinder calculations
Several Cylinder constructors separately calculate area and volume. That repetition makes inconsistent behavior more likely: one implementation can change while the others remain unchanged. The same reasoning applies to methods and standalone functions. section 7.5









