Screen reader
A screen reader is assistive software that presents digital content and interface information through synthesized speech, refreshable braille, or other nonvisual output.
D3.js in Action, Third Edition
A screen reader is assistive software that converts accessible digital content into speech or refreshable Braille.
- How it is used
- Supports equivalent access to web pages and data visualizations through speech or Braille.
- How deep it goes
- Descends from assistive-technology definition to semantic HTML, SVG labeling, generated descriptions, keyboard interaction, and alternative tables.
- Examples
- Uses ChromeVox, a cetacean scatterplot, semantic page regions, SVG descriptions, filter buttons, and a chart-to-table alternative.
- What you can do after
- Build it from scratch by labeling visualizations, exposing data descriptions, and providing keyboard-accessible controls and tables.
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Everyday Data Visualization
A screen reader is assistive software that converts displayed content into synthesized speech or braille output.
- How it is used
- Supports accessible data visualization by translating displayed content into speech or braille for people with limited or no vision.
- How deep it goes
- Defines the tool and gives practical alt-text and ARIA-label guidance without detailing screen-reader operation or implementation internals.
- Examples
- Uses bar-graph descriptions, per-bar ARIA labels, social-media images, Tableau workbooks, Power BI reports, and HTML image tags.
- What you can do after
- Apply it via concise alt text and meaningful ARIA labels for images, charts, and individual chart elements.
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WordPress Power Toolkit: Harness AI to build next-level websites
A screen reader is assistive software that converts digital interface content into synthesized speech or braille for people who cannot rely on visual display.
- How it is used
- Supports accessible website planning, theme selection, interface inspection, multimedia labeling, and automated accessibility checks.
- How deep it goes
- Explains spoken labeling, ARIA roles, inspection tools, Lighthouse testing, video titles, and autoplay risks without detailing screen-reader software operation.
- Examples
- Uses accessible WordPress themes, inspected ARIA roles, Lighthouse reports, descriptive iframe titles, and non-autoplaying YouTube videos.
- What you can do after
- Evaluate websites with browser tools and improve screen-reader clarity through roles, labels, video titles, and audio controls.
Read how WordPress Power Toolkit: Harness AI to build next-level websites explains screen reader →
Related concepts
- Document Object Modeluses · The Document Object Model (DOM) is a standard programming interface that represents a document as a structured tree of objects and provides ways to access and modify its content and structure.
- assistive technologykind of · Assistive technology is hardware or software that enables people with disabilities to access, perceive, control, or interact with digital content and systems.
- alt-textused by · Alt text is a text alternative associated with non-text content that conveys its meaningful content or purpose to people who cannot perceive it visually or access it directly.
- semantic markupused by · Semantic markup is the practice of using HTML elements according to the meaning and structural or interactive role of their content.
- skip linkused by · A skip link is a navigation link that lets users bypass repeated or nonessential content and move to a later page region.
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