Singular value decomposition is a way to simplify a large data matrix by expressing it as a product of smaller matrices, reducing both its rows and columns. section 2.3 section 2.5
Clustering can reduce a dataset’s rows, while dimensionality reduction can reduce its columns; SVD is presented as a way to simplify both at once. section 2.3 section 2.5
Image compression
Treat a black-and-white image as a table whose entries are pixel intensities. Singular value decomposition is used in image compression. section 2.3





