Waveform

As explained in Learn Haskell by Example

A waveform is the shape of a signal as it varies over time, especially the periodic shape used to define a tone.

A waveform describes one repeating period of a signal. In digital sound, it is modeled as a function from a position between 0 and 1 to a sample value between -1 and 1. section 10.1.2

Generating a tone

Represent a waveform as `type Wave = Double -> Sample`, then scan its positions repeatedly. The number of samples per period determines frequency; mapping those values across a duration produces a signal.

Figure 10.2 Four standard waveforms

Compare the four standard waveform shapes across one period. section 10.1.2

How Learn Haskell by Example covers it

How deep it goes

Defines waveform functions and connects periodic sampling to frequency, stopping before later volume modulation.

Examples

Uses sine, square, sawtooth, and triangle functions to create a 220-Hz exported audio file.

What it assumes

Assumes familiarity with numeric type classes and introduces waveform modeling through functions and sampled values.

What you can do after

Build it from scratch in Haskell by defining waveforms and producing sampled tones.

How it connects

Connects waveforms with signals, samples, frequency, tone generation, and timbre.

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Also explained in

• 

  liveBookmanning.com
  Transformers in ActionA waveform is a representation of a time-varying signal, such as an audio signal.

Compare how 2 books explain waveform →

Related concepts

• WAVused by · WAV is a digital audio container format commonly used to store waveform audio, often as uncompressed PCM samples.
• audioproduces · Audio is sound represented as a signal or data that can be recorded, transmitted, processed, or reproduced.
• triangle waveincludes · A triangle wave is a periodic waveform whose amplitude rises and falls linearly between alternating extremes.
• sampling ratemeasured by · A sampling rate is the number of observations or samples acquired, recorded, or retained per unit of time.

This explainer was generated by Manning's knowledge graph from the text of Learn Haskell by Example. The section links point to the parts of the book it draws on.