Spacing a line of output
Consider `printf("element %zu is %g, \tits square is %g\n", i, A[i], A[i]*A[i]);`. Its output places space before “its square” and prints each result on a new line. The `\t` and `\n` in the string literal are escape sequences; the `%zu` and `%g` markers are format specifiers, not escapes. section 1.1
TAKEAWAY: An escape sequence begins with a backslash in C source and denotes a character or special value. In a `printf` format string, `\t` supplies a tab and `\n` supplies a newline. A percent sign instead introduces a format specifier, which tells `printf` where to insert an argument. section 1.1
Escapes can also specify Unicode characters. In a multibyte string, `\u` followed by four hexadecimal digits names a Unicode code point: `"\u00E4"` specifies “latin small letter a with diaeresis.” For code points requiring more digits, `\U` takes eight hexadecimal digits. These Unicode escape forms were introduced in C11. section 14.3
43 #define VBAR "\u2502" /**< a vertical bar character */
44 #define HBAR "\u2500" /**< a horizontal bar character */
45 #define TOPLEFT "\u250c" /**< topleft corner character */
46 #define TOPRIGHT "\u2510" /**< topright corner character */
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These string-literal macros use four-digit Unicode escapes for vertical and horizontal bars and two corners—characters that may be inconvenient to type directly. section 14.3
A Unicode escape lets you write a code point in the source; it does not make multibyte string processing trivial. For example, `strlen` does not give the number of characters in a multibyte string. section 14.3
