Node degree counts the edges incident to a node. In graph coloring, degree predicts how constrained a node is: a degree-zero node can take any color, while a high-degree node may conflict with many neighbors. section 8.4
Coloring South America
The South America graph makes the contrast concrete. Falkland Islands has degree zero and can be colored immediately, while Colombia has degree four and is harder to color last because four neighbors may already use all four colors. section 8.4



