Phishing, also called social engineering, attacks human judgment rather than software vulnerabilities. It persuades someone to disclose authentication information or perform an unsafe action. section 11.2.3
The urgent OTP call
An attacker starts logging in as you and waits for the application to request a one-time password. Then the attacker calls, pretends to work for the application, invents a believable story, and creates urgency so you reveal the valid code. section 11.2.3
Phishing remains effective because it exploits ordinary human pressures:
- A convincing story can make an attacker appear trustworthy. section 11.2.3
- A fabricated sense of urgency can push people to disclose authentication information. section 11.2.3
- Protocols previously discussed, including one-time-password authentication, remain vulnerable when people are persuaded to hand over their secrets. section 11.2.3




