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Root mean squared error

As explained in Machine Learning for Tabular Data: XGBoost, Deep Learning, and AI

Root mean squared error is the square root of the mean squared differences between predicted and observed numeric values.

Root mean squared error (RMSE) measures the typical size of numeric prediction errors by taking the square root of their mean squared differences. Lower values indicate smaller prediction errors. section 4.3

Use RMSE to make regression evaluation consistent and comparable:

  • Place the data transformations and regression model in one pipeline. section 4.3
  • Measure RMSE with the same cross-validation strategy used across candidate models. section 4.3
  • Report the average and standard deviation of the cross-validated RMSE to assess consistency across samples. section 4.3

Comparing Airbnb price models

For the Tokyo Airbnb problem, XGBoost achieved an RMSE of 10,783.027, while fastai achieved 11,719.387. Alongside R-squared and MAE, these values show that XGBoost produced the stronger overall result, with RMSE about 8% to 9% lower. section 12.4

Table 12.4 Comparison of results from XGBoost and fastai models (view table figure)

Metric

XGBoost

Fastai

R-squared

0.599

0.572

RMSE

10783.027

11719.387

MAE

6531.102

7152.143

Compare RMSE, MAE, and R-squared values for the XGBoost and fastai solutions in a compact results table. section 12.4

How Machine Learning for Tabular Data: XGBoost, Deep Learning, and AI covers it

How deep it goes
Defines the metric and applies it within pipelines and cross-validation, but does not derive its formula mathematically.
Examples
Uses Airbnb NYC and Tokyo Airbnb prediction problems, including a metric table comparing XGBoost and fastai.
What it assumes
Assumes predicted and observed numeric values, while introducing RMSE as a standard measure for regression tasks.
What you can do after
Evaluate regression models with cross-validated RMSE and compare their prediction performance alongside other error metrics.
How it connects
Connects regression with pipelines, cross-validation, MAE, R-squared, accuracy, XGBoost, and fastai.

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Related concepts

This explainer was generated by Manning's knowledge graph from the text of Machine Learning for Tabular Data: XGBoost, Deep Learning, and AI. The section links point to the parts of the book it draws on.