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Self-supervised learning

As explained in Deep Learning with R, Third Edition

Self-supervised learning is a machine-learning technique in which training targets are derived from the input data rather than supplied as manual labels.

Self-supervised learning trains a model with targets derived from the input data instead of manual labels. This makes vast amounts of unlabeled text, images, and other data available for training. section 1.8 section 1.14

Typical self-supervised objectives reconstruct or predict part of the original input:

  • Predict the next word in a sentence from its preceding context. section 1.8
  • Re-create a sharp image from a noisy version of that image. section 1.8
  • Reconstruct data from a partial representation, producing a broad representation that can later support downstream tasks. section 16.4.2

From reconstruction to general-purpose models

A foundation model can learn from broad internet-scale data by reconstructing missing or altered content. Afterward, the learned representation can be fine-tuned for many downstream tasks rather than training a separate model from scratch for each individual dataset. section 16.4.2

How Deep Learning with R, Third Edition covers it

How deep it goes
Defines input-derived targets and reconstruction objectives, but stops short of detailing optimization or implementation procedures.
Examples
Uses next-word prediction, noisy-image reconstruction, and partial-input reconstruction as concrete training examples.
What you can do after
Evaluate/understand how unlabeled data can train reusable representations for varied downstream tasks.
How it connects
Connects self-supervised learning with deep learning, generative AI, foundation models, representation learning, and fine-tuning.

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Related concepts

This explainer was generated by Manning's knowledge graph from the text of Deep Learning with R, Third Edition. The section links point to the parts of the book it draws on.