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Confidence

As explained in Machine Learning Platform Engineering

A confidence score is a model-produced value indicating the estimated certainty of a particular prediction or detection.

A confidence score is a model-produced value indicating estimated certainty for a particular prediction or detection. In object detection, scores range from 0 to 1: values near 1 indicate greater certainty, while values near 0 indicate less. section 8.1.7

Reading detection confidence

During manual inspection of a driver’s-license image, the model labels the card as a book with confidence 0.28, while a person detection receives 0.79. The contrasting scores expose an incorrect but uncertain classification and a more certain detection. section 8.1.7

Listing 8.15 Running inference with the default Nano model
import glob
import cv2
from ultralytics import YOLO

model = YOLO("yolov8n.pt") #1
for file in glob.glob("samples/**.jpg"): #2
    result = model(cv2.imread(file))
    res_plotted = result[0].plot() #3
    cv2.imshow("result", res_plotted) #4
    cv2.waitKey(0)

Run YOLO inference over sample images and inspect plotted detections and their confidence scores. section 8.1.7

How Machine Learning Platform Engineering covers it

How deep it goes
Defines scores, gives their 0–1 interpretation, and demonstrates contrasting detections without discussing calibration or threshold selection.
Examples
Uses YOLO detections of a driver’s license, a book classification at 0.28, and a person classification at 0.79.
What you can do after
Diagnose/debug with plotted YOLO predictions and interpret whether individual detections appear more or less certain.
How it connects
Connects object detection, inference, model validation, and debugging through manually inspected prediction outputs.

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