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Hypothesis

As explained in Causal Inference for Data Science

A testable proposition about a causal relationship between an intervention and an outcome.

A hypothesis is a testable cause-and-effect proposition linking an intervention or decision to a primary outcome. It gives an experiment a focused question: what change should affect what result? section 1.3.4

Use a hypothesis to structure an A/B test:

  • State the proposed relationship between treatment and outcome. section 1.3.4
  • Design the experiment, accounting for context-specific rules and ethical concerns. section 1.3.4
  • Execute the experiment carefully, especially the randomization process, then compare group responses. section 1.3.4

Testing a new treatment

A starting hypothesis may claim that a new disease treatment works just as well as the old one. If the new treatment is superior, experimental evidence should refute that claim. Patient outcomes such as 80% improving with the new treatment versus 70% with the old treatment provide the observed comparison. section 1.3.4

How Causal Inference for Data Science covers it

How deep it goes
Defines the experimental role of a hypothesis and sketches design, execution, and analysis while deferring detailed explanation.
Examples
Uses a new-versus-old disease treatment comparison and binary patient improvement outcomes.
What you can do after
Apply it via an A/B test by stating a causal proposition, designing an experiment, protecting randomization, and comparing responses.
How it connects
Connects hypotheses to scientific method, causal relationships, A/B testing, randomized controlled trials, randomization, and outcome analysis.

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This explainer was generated by Manning's knowledge graph from the text of Causal Inference for Data Science. The section links point to the parts of the book it draws on.