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What you will learn in Pro ASP.NET Core 7, Tenth Edition

by Adam Freeman

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Chapter by chapter

Concepts explained in this book

• model bindingA model binder is an ASP.NET Core component that converts request data into objects or values supplied to application handlers.
• Tag HelpersA tag helper is an ASP.NET Core component implemented as a C# class that transforms HTML-like elements during Razor view or page processing.
• Razor componentA Blazor component is a reusable UI unit that combines Razor markup with C# code and manages its own rendered content and interactions.
• handlerA callable operation that responds to an occurrence such as a user interaction or program event.
• web API action methodA controller method that handles a matched request and contributes to producing its response.
• controllerA controller is an ASP.NET Core MVC component that receives requests and coordinates processing to produce responses, including responses rendered from views.
• routingRouter is a Blazor component that discovers routable components in an assembly and renders the component matching the current URL.
• Razor PagesA Razor Page is an ASP.NET Core page artifact that combines Razor markup with page-specific request-handling code.
• middlewareMiddleware is a component in an ASP.NET Core request pipeline that processes HTTP requests and responses.
• viewA view is a presentation component or template that renders application data into a user-interface response, typically HTML.
• PageModelPageModel is the ASP.NET Core base class for classes that provide state and request handlers for Razor Pages.
• unit testA unit test is an automated test that checks a small, isolated part of an application such as an individual method or class.
• validationValidation is the process of checking data against rules to determine whether it is acceptable for processing.
• request messageAn HTTP POST request is an HTTP request that submits data to a server for processing or resource modification, often causing a state-changing operation.
• view modelA view model is the data supplied to a view for incorporation into its rendered output.
• cachingCaching is the technique of storing generated data or content so it can be reused without being regenerated for every request.
• categoryA product category is a classification assigned to products for organizing and filtering an online-store catalog.
• Entity Framework CoreEntity Framework Core is a .NET object-relational mapping library that maps relational database data to .NET objects.
• view componentThe ViewComponent base class is the ASP.NET Core MVC base class that supplies view-component behavior and access to request context.
• ASP.NET CoreASP.NET Core is Microsoft's cross-platform, open-source framework for building modern web applications and services on .NET.
• ModelStateModelStateDictionary is the ASP.NET Core MVC collection that stores bound model values and validation errors for request fields and properties.
• sessionSession state is client-specific data stored on the server for access across multiple requests within a session.
• BlazorThe Blazor model is the programming model in which .NET components manage web user interfaces, rendering, and user interactions.
• _ViewImports.cshtmlA Razor view imports file, typically _ViewImports.cshtml, declares namespaces and other directives available to Razor views in its scope.
• HttpPostThe HttpPost attribute is an ASP.NET Core attribute that constrains an action method to HTTP POST requests.
• Razor compilerA compiler that transforms Razor files containing HTML markup and C# code into generated classes for execution by ASP.NET Core.
• ControllerBaseControllerBase is the ASP.NET Core base class that provides controller behavior and helper methods for creating action results.
• HttpGetThe HttpGet attribute is an ASP.NET Core attribute that constrains an action method to HTTP GET requests.
• subtemplateA partial view is a reusable view fragment containing markup and Razor directives that receives its data from a parent view.
• Razor layoutA Razor layout is a reusable template that defines shared page structure around the content of individual Razor views.
• URL patternA route pattern is a template that defines the URL structure and segment variables a route can match.
• dependency injectionDependency injection is a software design technique in which a component receives its dependencies from external configuration or composition rather than creating them itself.
• data bindingA Blazor component binding that associates a component value parameter with a property on the edited model.
• CDNA content delivery network is a distributed service that delivers web assets from geographically or topologically proximate servers.
• lambdaA lambda expression is an anonymous function expression whose parameters and implementation can be used as a delegate or compatible callable value.
• Order propertyA tag helper execution-order setting that determines the sequence in which tag helpers run for an element.
• shopping cartA shopping cart is an online-store component or model that holds products selected by a customer and their quantities for purchase.
• authenticationAuthentication is the process of verifying the identity of a user or other security principal.
• ASP.NET Core IdentityASP.NET Core Identity is an extensible membership system for managing users, credentials, claims, roles, and related authentication functionality in ASP.NET Core applications.
• ModelState.IsValidModelState.IsValid is an ASP.NET Core MVC property indicating whether model binding and validation completed without errors.
• validation attributeA custom validation attribute is an application-defined .NET attribute derived from ValidationAttribute that supplies validation logic for model data.
• migrationA database migration is a versioned change that creates or updates a database schema to match an application's data model.
• razor expressionA Razor expression is an embedded expression in a Razor view that Razor evaluates to produce content in the generated response.
• route parameterA route segment variable is a named placeholder in a route pattern that captures a value supplied by a URL path segment.
• FromBody attributeThe FromBody attribute is an ASP.NET Core parameter attribute that specifies that a parameter value should be read from the HTTP request body.
• endpointAn endpoint is an ASP.NET Core object representing a selected application handler together with its metadata and execution logic.
• deletionDelete is a response-cookie operation that instructs the client to remove a cookie.
• BootstrapBootstrap is an open-source front-end CSS framework for building web interfaces with predefined styles and components.
• ViewBagViewBag is a dynamic ASP.NET Core MVC property bag for passing unstructured data from a controller or view component to a view.
• routing middlewareRouting middleware is an ASP.NET Core request-pipeline component that matches requests to endpoints and stores the selected endpoint for later processing.
• route dataRouteData is the ASP.NET Core request-context data containing values produced by routing for the matched URL, including values captured from URL segments.
• request pipelineA request pipeline is an ordered processing path through which an application passes HTTP requests and responses.
• append version tag helperThe asp-append-version attribute is a Razor tag helper attribute that enables version-value generation for an image resource URL.
• cache bustingA cache-busting value is a changing resource identifier component that causes clients to retrieve a new version instead of using a stale cached file.
• page directiveThe @page directive is a Razor directive that assigns one or more URL routes to a Razor component or page.
• JavaScript tag helperScriptTagHelper is the built-in ASP.NET Core tag helper that processes script elements and their attributes in Razor views.
• InvokeAsyncAn InvokeAsync method is the asynchronous method convention ASP.NET Core calls to execute a view component and obtain its rendered result.
• model directiveThe Razor model directive declares the .NET type of the view model exposed to a Razor view.
• RequiredAttributeRequiredAttribute is a .NET data-annotation validation attribute that requires a value to be supplied for an annotated property or field.
• nullable typeA nullable parameter type is a parameter type that permits a null value to represent the absence of a supplied argument.
• HTTP PUT methodThe HTTP PUT method requests replacement of a resource with the representation supplied by the client.
• RouteAttributeThe Route attribute declares URL route information on an ASP.NET Core controller or action.
• Blazor WebAssemblyBlazor WebAssembly is a Blazor hosting model that runs .NET-based components in the browser through WebAssembly.
• HTTP GETAn HTTP GET request is an HTTP request that retrieves a resource or representation without requesting a state-changing operation.
• CDN fallbackCDN fallback is a resource-loading technique that loads a local asset when a corresponding asset cannot be obtained or verified from a content delivery network.
• minificationMinification is the transformation of source code that reduces its size by removing unnecessary whitespace and shortening names while preserving behavior.
• source mapA source map is a file that maps transformed code such as minified JavaScript back to its developer-readable source code.
• data modelA data model is a structured representation of the real-world objects, processes, rules, and data that constitute an application's domain.
• eventAn event is a browser or user-interface occurrence that can trigger application code, such as a click or form interaction.
• Bind attributeThe @bind attribute is a Blazor directive attribute that establishes two-way binding between an element value and a .NET property or expression.
• IActionResultIActionResult is the ASP.NET Core MVC interface implemented by objects that represent the result of processing an HTTP request.
• null-state analysisNull-state analysis is the C# compiler feature that tracks whether expressions may be null to identify potential null-reference errors.
• navigation propertyA navigation property is an entity property that represents an association with a related entity or collection of entities in an object-relational model.
• paginationPagination is the division of an ordered collection into separate pages together with information needed to navigate those pages.
• TempDataThe TempData property exposes the controller or Razor view's temporary request-to-request data dictionary.
• _ViewStart.cshtmlA Razor view start file, typically _ViewStart.cshtml, specifies common settings such as the layout for views or pages in its scope.
• web formAn HTML form is an HTML element that groups controls for collecting user input and submitting it to a server.
• View methodA View method is an MVC controller method that creates a result for rendering a view, typically selecting the view from the action context.
• filterA filter is an MVC component, implemented as an attribute or other mechanism, that can modify or constrain request or response processing.
• mvc frameworkA web application framework based on the Model–View–Controller architectural pattern, in which application concerns are separated into models, views, and controllers.
• ISessionISession is the ASP.NET Core interface for reading and writing a user's session-state values.
• component parameterThe Parameter attribute marks a Blazor component property as a value that can be supplied by the component's parent or routing system.
• SQLSQL is a standardized language for defining, querying, manipulating, and managing data in relational databases.
• .NET SDKThe software development kit that provides the .NET command-line tools, libraries, and project templates for building .NET applications.
• dbcontextDbContext is the Entity Framework Core base class that provides database access, entity tracking, and persistence services for a data context.
• options patternThe options pattern is a .NET configuration pattern that represents related settings in classes and registers those settings for access through dependency injection.
• http redirectHTTP redirection is an HTTP response mechanism that instructs a client to request a different URL or endpoint.
• authorization decisionAuthorization is the process of determining whether an authenticated principal may access a resource or perform an operation.
• cookieA cookie is a small piece of data that a web server stores in a client and receives with subsequent requests to maintain state or preferences.
• IQueryableIQueryable<T> is a .NET interface representing a queryable sequence whose query operations can be translated and executed by an underlying data provider.
• client-side validationClient-side validation is the technique of checking user-entered data in the client environment before the form data is sent to the server.
• web serviceA web service is a network-accessible software interface that exposes application functionality through web protocols.
• Program.csProgram.cs is the conventional application entry-point source file in an ASP.NET Core project.
• bean scopeA scoped service is a dependency-injection service whose instance is reused within a defined scope, such as one HTTP request scope.
• packageA software package is a distributable unit containing reusable code, resources, and metadata for incorporation into a project.
• static fileStatic content is web content served as stored files without being dynamically generated for each request.
• ViewResultViewResult is an MVC action-result type that represents rendering a named view in response to an action.
• async/awaitThe C# await operator asynchronously suspends execution until an awaitable operation completes and produces its result.
• for attributeThe For attribute is a ValidationMessage component parameter that identifies the model property whose validation errors are displayed.
• serviceA service is an object managed by ASP.NET Core that provides a defined feature or capability to application components.
• BindProperty attributeThe BindProperty attribute is an ASP.NET Core attribute that marks a page-model property for binding from request data.
• launchSettings.jsonlaunchsettings.json is a .NET project configuration file that defines launch profiles, including application URLs, ports, and environment variables.
• functions directiveThe @functions expression is a Razor construct that declares functions or methods within a Razor file.
• LINQLINQ is the .NET language-integrated query capability for expressing queries and filtering operations over data sources.
• data seedingSeed data is initial data inserted into an application's database to establish required records and state.
• name attributeAn HTML attribute that supplies the name used to identify an element's submitted value and bind it to request data.
• route constraintA route constraint is a rule attached to a route parameter that restricts matching to values satisfying a specified condition.
• Visual Studio CodeVisual Studio Code is Microsoft's cross-platform source-code editor with support for extensions and development workflows.
• Accept headerAn Accept header is an HTTP request header that lists the media types a client is willing to receive in the response, optionally with relative quality preferences.
• session state extension methodA session state extension method is an extension method that serializes or deserializes application objects for storage through ASP.NET Core session state.
• HTTP methodAn HTTP method is a standardized operation name that specifies the type of operation requested from an HTTP server.
• IDistributedCacheIDistributedCache is a .NET caching abstraction for storing and retrieving byte-array values shared across application requests and potentially across application instances.
• validation summaryA validation message tag helper is an ASP.NET Core tag helper that generates markup for displaying validation messages associated with a model property.
• default actionDefault event behavior is the browser-defined action that normally occurs when an event is triggered.
• event propagationEvent propagation is the browser mechanism by which an event is dispatched through related elements in an interface hierarchy.
• Blazor ServerBlazor Server is a Blazor hosting model in which application code executes on an ASP.NET Core server while the client maintains a connection to that server.
• data-val-* attributeA data-val attribute is an HTML data attribute emitted by ASP.NET Core to provide client-side validation metadata.
• HttpContext.RequestServicesHttpContext.RequestServices is the ASP.NET Core property that exposes the IServiceProvider for resolving services within the current HTTP request scope.
• IServiceProviderIServiceProvider is a .NET interface that provides a mechanism for retrieving service instances from a service container.
• wwwroot folderThe wwwroot folder is the conventional ASP.NET Core project directory from which static web content is served.
• distributed cachingDistributed caching is the technique of storing cache data in a cache shared by multiple application instances or servers.
• base elementA base element is an HTML element that specifies the base URL used to resolve relative URLs in a document.
• default valueA default value is a value assigned to a route segment variable when the corresponding URL segment is absent.
• UseEndpointsUseEndpoints is an ASP.NET Core application-builder extension method that adds endpoint execution middleware and registers endpoint routes.
• software templateA project template is a predefined .NET project structure and configuration used to generate initial application files.
• logging serviceA logging service is an application service that records messages describing application state, errors, performance, and diagnostic information.
• Pages folderThe Pages folder is the conventional ASP.NET Core project directory that contains Razor Pages and their supporting Razor configuration files.
• @typeparam directiveThe Razor @typeparam directive declares a generic type parameter for a Razor component.
• static path segmentA literal segment is a route-pattern segment that matches a fixed string in a URL path.
• page-model attributeA page-model attribute is the sample tag helper attribute that supplies a paging model to the page-link tag helper.
• page linkA page link is a hyperlink that navigates to a specific page of a paginated collection.
• content negotiationContent negotiation is the process of selecting a response representation by comparing client-specified format preferences with the formats an HTTP server can produce.
• result filterA result filter is an ASP.NET Core MVC filter that runs before or after an action result executes and can modify the generated response.
• web templateThe web template is a .NET project template that creates an ASP.NET Core project with the minimum required configuration and content.
• Layout propertyThe Layout property is a Razor view property that specifies the layout used to render the view or null when no layout is required.
• asp-page attributeThe asp-page attribute is an ASP.NET Core tag helper attribute that identifies the Razor Page used when generating a form submission URL.
• logging levelA logging level value is a named setting that specifies the severity threshold or disabled state for log messages.
• appsettings.jsonappsettings.json is a conventional JSON file that stores application configuration settings for an ASP.NET Core application.
• connection stringA connection string is a configuration value that specifies how software connects to a data source such as a database.
• global filterA filter registered globally so that it applies across the application's eligible controllers, pages, actions, or handlers.
• service lifetimeA service lifetime is the dependency-injection rule governing when service instances are created and how long they are retained.
• LocalDBSQL Server LocalDB is a lightweight deployment mode of Microsoft SQL Server designed for local development and application testing.
• IncludeAn Entity Framework Core query method that specifies a related navigation property to load with an entity.
• cross-site request forgery protectionA security mechanism that prevents unauthorized requests made on behalf of an authenticated user from another site.
• Visual StudioVisual Studio is an integrated development environment for building software with Microsoft development technologies.
• result resourceAn action result is an object representing a response produced by an MVC action method.
• RenderFragmentRenderFragment is a Blazor delegate type representing content that can be rendered.
• global.jsonglobal.json is a .NET configuration file that controls SDK selection and can specify the .NET version used by projects in a directory hierarchy.
• authorize attributeThe ASP.NET Core Authorize attribute is an attribute that restricts access to controllers, actions, Razor Pages, or other endpoints based on authentication, roles, or authorization policies.
• HtmlTargetElement attributeThe HtmlTargetElement attribute is an ASP.NET Core attribute that specifies which HTML-like elements and attributes a tag helper targets.
• remote validationRemote validation is a validation technique that sends a value to a server endpoint for asynchronous checking and returns the validation result to the client.
• missing valueA null value represents the absence of an object reference or other value in a context where null is permitted.
• dotnet watchdotnet watch is a .NET command-line tool that monitors source files and reruns or rebuilds an application when changes occur.
• WebAssemblyWebAssembly is a portable binary instruction format and execution environment designed for efficient execution in web browsers and other hosts.
• SportsStoreSportsStore is a sample e-commerce application project developed throughout this book.
• Range attributeThe Range attribute is a .NET validation attribute that restricts a value to a specified lower and upper bound.
• Assert.EqualAssert.Equal is an xUnit.net assertion that verifies that two values are equal, optionally using an equality comparer.
• attribute splattingAttribute splatting is the technique of applying a collection of attribute names and values to an element in one operation.
• AddDistributedMemoryCacheAn ASP.NET Core service-registration method that configures an IDistributedCache implementation backed by memory.
• TagHelperOutputTagHelperOutput is an ASP.NET Core object that represents and exposes the element and content produced during tag-helper processing.
• nullable BooleanA nullable Boolean is a Boolean value type that can represent true, false, or null.
• resource filterA resource filter is an ASP.NET Core MVC filter that runs before model binding and after endpoint execution but before the action result is executed.
• serializerA serialization component that converts application values into JSON representations and can reconstruct values from JSON.
• System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotationsThe .NET namespace containing attributes and related types for describing data models and enforcing validation rules.
• null operatorThe null conditional operator conditionally accesses a member and produces null instead of accessing the member when its receiver is null.
• arrayAn array is a fixed-size ordered data structure whose elements are accessed by numeric index and share a declared element type.
• FromQuery attributeThe FromQuery attribute directs ASP.NET Core model binding to obtain a parameter value from the request URL's query string.
• dotnet newThe dotnet new command is a .NET CLI command that creates projects, configuration files, and solution files from templates.
• genericsA generic type parameter is a placeholder type specified in a generic type or method declaration and replaced by a concrete type when the generic construct is used.
• generic template componentA generic template component is a reusable Blazor component parameterized by a data type and a rendering template for values of that type.
• RenderFragment<T>RenderFragment<T> is a Blazor delegate type representing renderable Razor content that receives a value of type T as its rendering context.
• @code expressionAn @code expression is a Razor construct that contains the C# properties and methods supporting a component's markup.
• render-mode attributeA render-mode attribute is a Razor attribute that selects how a component's content is produced and delivered.
• RespectBrowserAcceptHeaderRespectBrowserAcceptHeader is an MvcOptions setting that controls whether browser Accept headers are honored instead of applying the wildcard-format fallback.
• ReturnHttpNotAcceptableReturnHttpNotAcceptable is an MvcOptions setting that causes ASP.NET Core MVC to return HTTP 406 when no requested response format is supported.
• XML formattingXML formatting is the serialization of application data into XML representations for transmission in responses.
• anti-forgery tokenAn anti-forgery token is a server-generated value submitted with a request to verify that it originated from the legitimate application context.
• RedirectToActionRedirectToAction is a ControllerBase method that creates a redirection to a URL generated for a specified action method.
• RedirectToRouteRedirectToRoute is a ControllerBase method that creates a redirection to a URL selected by the routing system from supplied route values.
• LibManLibMan, or Library Manager, is a .NET-based tool for acquiring and managing client-side library packages in web projects.
• action filterAn action filter is an ASP.NET Core MVC filter that runs around an action method after model binding and can modify action execution or its result.
• TagHelperContextTagHelperContext is an ASP.NET Core object that provides information and shared state for a tag helper during processing of an element.
• Razor view conventionThe Razor view convention is the MVC convention that locates a view by combining the action name and controller name with predefined view folders and a file extension.
• Model–view–controllerMVC is an architectural pattern that separates an application into models, views, and controllers.
• ModelState.AddModelErrorAddModelError is an ASP.NET Core MVC ModelState operation that adds a validation error associated with a model key.
• ToListAsyncToListAsync is an asynchronous .NET query-extension method that evaluates a query and materializes its results into a list.
• InputBase<TValue>InputBase<TValue> is the abstract Blazor base component class that provides form-field binding and validation behavior for an input representing a TValue model property.
• IEqualityComparer<T>IEqualityComparer<T> is a .NET interface that defines equality comparison and hash-code operations for values of type T.
• test doubleA fake implementation is a simplified functional implementation of a dependency used in place of the real implementation during testing.
• test-driven developmentTest-driven development is a software development practice in which tests are written before the implementation they verify.
• log categoryA logging category is a string or type-derived identifier associated with log messages and used to identify their source component and select logging configuration.
• browser date formattingBrowser date formatting is the conversion of a date value into the user's local date presentation by browser controls.
• DateTime bindingA DateTime binding is a Blazor data binding that converts a .NET DateTime value to and from an input representation using culture or formatting rules.
• onchange attributeThe @onchange attribute is a Blazor directive attribute that associates an element's change event with a .NET handler or expression.
• extensionAn extension method is a statically defined method that can be invoked with instance-method syntax on a type without modifying that type's definition.
• AddDistributedSqlServerCacheAn ASP.NET Core service-registration method that configures an IDistributedCache implementation backed by a SQL Server database.
• dotnet-sql-cache packageThe dotnet-sql-cache package is a .NET command-line tool package for creating and managing the database table used by SQL Server distributed caching.
• persistent cache serviceA persistent cache service is a cache service that stores cached values in durable storage so they survive application restarts.
• SqlServerCacheOptionsSqlServerCacheOptions is an options class that specifies the SQL Server connection and table settings for an ASP.NET Core SQL Server cache.
• Razor using directiveA Razor using directive imports a namespace so its types can be referenced without namespace qualification in a Razor file.
• partial elementA partial element is an ASP.NET Core HTML-like element that invokes a partial view and supplies its view model.
• OwningComponentBase<T>OwningComponentBase is a Blazor base component class that provides a dependency-injection scope tied to the lifetime of its owning component.
• ChildContent expressionChildContent is the Blazor component parameter that receives and renders content supplied between a component's opening and closing tags.
• solutionA solution file is a .NET development file that groups multiple projects into a single build and management unit.
• mockingA mock object is a test double that imitates a dependency and can provide controlled behavior or interaction verification.
• CSS tag helperLinkTagHelper is an ASP.NET Core tag helper that processes link elements and resolves stylesheet sources from local files or content delivery networks.
• HTTP responseAn HTTP response is a server message returned in response to an HTTP request, containing status information and optionally response content.
• GetRequiredService<T>()IServiceProvider.GetRequiredService is a .NET dependency-injection extension method that resolves a required service and throws when no registration is available.
• RouteValues propertyThe RouteValues property is an HttpRequest property that exposes the route values extracted from a matched request URL.
• RouteValuesDictionaryRouteValuesDictionary is a .NET dictionary type that stores route-variable names and their values for an HTTP request.
• lifecycleA component lifecycle is the sequence of stages and events governing a component's initialization, parameter assignment, rendering, updating, and disposal.
• asp-action attributeThe asp-action attribute is a Razor tag helper attribute that identifies the action method for which a URL should be generated.
• option elementAn option element is an HTML element representing one selectable choice within a select element.
• form dataForm data is the collection of named values submitted by an HTML form to a server.
• RenderBodyRenderBody is a Razor layout method that inserts a view's content not assigned to a section into the rendered response.
• rate limitRate limiting is the technique of restricting the number or frequency of requests handled during a specified interval or according to available capacity.
• RESTREST, or Representational State Transfer, is an architectural style for networked systems in which resources are identified and manipulated through representations and standardized operations.
• non-nullable typeA non-nullable variable is a variable whose type does not permit the special null value.
• logThe practice of recording informational, diagnostic, warning, and error messages generated by software.
• taskTask is the .NET abstraction representing an asynchronous operation that may produce a result when it completes.
• CacheTagHelperCacheTagHelper is an ASP.NET Core tag helper class that manages cached content and cache variations for requests.
• DockerA Docker container is an isolated process environment created and run by Docker with its application and dependencies.
• CreateAsyncCreateAsync is an ASP.NET Core Identity method that asynchronously creates a user from an IdentityUser and password and returns an IdentityResult.
• NavLink componentNavLink is a built-in Blazor component that renders a navigation link, supports client-side navigation, and applies active styling when its target location matches the current URL.
• Invoke methodAn Invoke method is a middleware method convention that ASP.NET Core calls to process a request and may resolve its declared dependencies.
• test projectA unit test project is a software project containing automated tests that exercise application components in isolation.
• url generationURL generation is the programmatic construction of resource or endpoint URLs from application configuration and routing information.
• relative URLA relative URL identifies a resource or endpoint by a path resolved against a base URL rather than by a complete absolute address.
• credentialAn authentication credential is information, such as a username and password, presented to verify a user's identity.
• route ambiguityRoute ambiguity is the condition in which multiple routes have equal priority or the same match score for an incoming request.
• jQuery ValidationjQuery Validation is a JavaScript library that validates form input in web pages.
• over-bindingOver-binding is the unintended assignment of client-provided request values to object properties that the application did not intend the client to control.
• ScopedServices propertyThe ScopedServices property is an inherited property that exposes an IServiceProvider for services created in a component-specific dependency-injection scope.
• Service propertyThe Service property is the convenience property on OwningComponentBase<T> that exposes the scoped service of type T.
• unobtrusive validationUnobtrusive client-side validation is a validation technique in which rules are represented as HTML attributes and processed by client-side script without embedding validation logic in the markup.
• form tag helperFormTagHelper is an ASP.NET Core tag helper that processes form elements in Razor markup and generates form-related attributes and antiforgery content.
• WebApplicationWebApplication is the ASP.NET Core application type that configures request processing and runs the web server.
• WebApplicationBuilderWebApplicationBuilder is the ASP.NET Core builder type that configures an application and its services before constructing the web application.
• EditFormEditForm is a Blazor component that renders a form and supports submission and validation callbacks.
• page filterIPageFilter is the ASP.NET Core interface for synchronous Razor Pages filters that participate in page-handler selection and execution.
• cshtml file extensionThe .cshtml file extension identifies files containing Razor markup and embedded C# code.
• circular referenceA circular reference is a chain of object references in which an object is eventually referenced again, forming a cycle.
• UserManager<T>UserManager<T> is the ASP.NET Core Identity service class for creating, retrieving, updating, and deleting users of type T and managing related user operations.
• IdentityOptionsIdentityOptions is the ASP.NET Core Identity options class containing configuration for identity behavior, including password and user settings.
• IdentityResultIdentityResult is an ASP.NET Core Identity result type that reports whether an identity operation succeeded and contains any resulting errors.
• password checkingPassword validation is the process of checking a candidate password against configured password-policy rules.
• password policyA password policy is a set of rules specifying the required characteristics of user passwords.
• PasswordOptionsPasswordOptions is the ASP.NET Core Identity options class containing configuration for password validation requirements.
• UserOptionsUserOptions is the ASP.NET Core Identity options class containing configuration for username and email-address validation.
• HtmlAttributeNameThe HtmlAttributeName attribute is an ASP.NET Core attribute that assigns an HTML attribute name or prefix to a tag helper property.
• .NET toolA .NET CLI package that installs commands executable from the command line for performing development or project-management operations.
• payloadA token payload is the data section of a security token that contains claims and other token properties.
• anchor elementAn anchor element is an HTML element that creates a hyperlink to a specified resource or URL.
• ActivatorUtilitiesActivatorUtilities is a Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection utility class that creates object instances while resolving constructor dependencies from an IServiceProvider.
• debuggerA software tool that pauses program execution and allows inspection of program state while diagnosing errors.
• stylesheetA stylesheet is a file containing presentation rules that control the visual rendering of documents such as HTML.
• AddSingletonAddSingleton is an ASP.NET Core dependency-injection registration method that reuses one service instance for the lifetime of the application.
• URL schemeA URL scheme is the application-defined structure used to format and interpret URLs.
• UseStaticFilesUseStaticFiles is an ASP.NET Core application-builder method that adds static-file serving to the request pipeline.
• asp-fallback-hrefThe asp-fallback-href attribute specifies a local stylesheet URL to use when the primary stylesheet source is unavailable.
• asp-fallback-test-classThe asp-fallback-test-class attribute specifies a CSS class whose presence is tested to determine whether a stylesheet loaded.
• asp-fallback-test-propertyThe asp-fallback-test-property attribute specifies the CSS property inspected during a stylesheet fallback test.
• asp-fallback-test-valueThe asp-fallback-test-value attribute specifies the expected CSS property value during a stylesheet fallback test.
• asp-href-excludeThe asp-href-exclude attribute specifies a globbing pattern for stylesheet files to exclude.
• asp-href-includeThe asp-href-include attribute specifies a globbing pattern for stylesheet files to include.
• RazorPage<T>RazorPage<T> is the generic base class generated for a Razor view, with T specifying the view model type.
• globaljson templateThe globaljson template is a .NET project template that creates a global.json file for selecting the SDK version used by a project.
• onClickThe @onclick attribute is a Blazor event-handling directive attribute that binds a user-interface click event to a .NET method or expression.

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