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What you will learn in MongoDB 8.0 in Action, Third Edition

Building on the Atlas Data Platform

by Arek Borucki

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Chapter by chapter

Concepts explained in this book

• stream processorA stream processor is a continuously running aggregation pipeline that consumes streaming data from a source and sends processed output to a destination.
• data sourceA source stage is a stream-processing stage that ingests records from an external data source such as a collection, Kafka topic, or document array.
• MongoDB AtlasA MongoDB Atlas cluster is a managed MongoDB database deployment provisioned and operated through MongoDB Atlas.
• embeddingA text embedding is a vector representation of text that captures semantic relationships and contextual nuances.
• similarity searchSemantic search retrieves information according to meaning and conceptual similarity rather than only exact term matches.
• change streamA change stream is a MongoDB interface that delivers notifications for data changes in a collection, database, or deployment.
• mongorestoremongorestore is a MongoDB Database Tools utility that restores data from BSON dump archives into a MongoDB database.
• aggregation pipelineAn aggregation pipeline processes documents through an ordered sequence of stages that filter, transform, combine, or summarize data.
• MongoDB Atlas CLIMongoDB Atlas CLI is a command-line tool for managing MongoDB Atlas resources and deployments.
• Atlas Vector SearchMongoDBAtlasVectorSearch is a LangChain vector-store integration that stores and retrieves documents in MongoDB Atlas using vector embeddings.
• Atlas Data FederationA federated database instance is an Atlas Data Federation query environment that presents mapped data from external stores through virtual databases and collections.
• dead letter queueA dead-letter queue is a queue that stores messages or records that cannot be processed so they can be inspected, reprocessed, or discarded later.
• relevanceA relevance score is a numeric value representing how closely a search result matches the search criteria.
• role-based access controlRole-based access control (RBAC) is an authorization model that grants permissions through roles assigned to users or applications.
• Atlas Cloud BackupAtlas Cloud Backup is MongoDB Atlas's managed service for creating, storing, scheduling, and retaining cluster backups for restoration and recovery.
• continuous backupContinuous cloud backup continuously captures database changes and write history to support restoration to a selected point within a retention window.
• point-in-time recoveryPoint-in-time recovery is restoration of database state to a specified moment by applying recorded changes to a backup baseline.
• keyword search indexA search index is an index structure that organizes searchable content for efficient full-text or relevance-based retrieval.
• hopping window$hoppingWindow is an Atlas Stream Processing aggregation pipeline stage that creates overlapping time windows separated by a configured hop interval.
• Atlas Stream ProcessingAtlas Stream Processing is a MongoDB Atlas capability for processing continuously arriving data streams with MongoDB's data model and query operations.
• data modelA data model is a representation of the data structures, fields, and relationships that an application stores and accesses.
• vector databaseA vector database is a database system that stores, retrieves, and searches numerical vectors by their similarity in a multidimensional space.
• $validate$validate is an Atlas Stream Processing stage that checks incoming documents against specified schema conditions and controls how invalid documents are handled.
• MongoDBMongoDB is a document-oriented database platform that stores data in BSON documents and provides a database query interface.
• shard keyA shard key is a field or compound field pattern whose values determine how a sharded collection's documents are partitioned across shards.
• oplogThe oplog is MongoDB's ordered operation log of successful data modifications, used for replication and recovery.
• schema flexibilityA flexible schema permits documents in the same database to have different fields, structures, and data types.
• eventAn event is a record or notification that represents something that has occurred in a system and may trigger processing by other components.
• Atlas Database TriggersAtlas Database Triggers are MongoDB Atlas automation mechanisms that execute server-side logic in response to changes in a cluster's data or other configured events.
• collectionA collection is MongoDB's logical container for related documents.
• mongodumpmongodump is a MongoDB command-line utility that creates logical backups by exporting database content, commonly as BSON files.
• connection registryThe Connection Registry is an Atlas Stream Processing configuration registry that stores definitions of connections to stream-processing data sources and sinks.
• triggerA trigger is an event-driven automation mechanism that invokes an action or function when a configured event occurs.
• LangChainLangChain is a software framework for building applications that compose large language models with prompts, tools, memory, and retrieval components.
• mongotmongot is the MongoDB process that maintains Atlas Search indexes, tracks database changes, and processes Atlas Search queries alongside mongod.
• rs.printSecondaryReplicationInfo()rs.printSecondaryReplicationInfo() is a mongosh helper, also available as db.printSecondaryReplicationInfo(), that reports replication lag for secondary replica-set members.
• approximate nearest neighbor algorithmApproximate nearest neighbor search retrieves vectors near a query vector using an efficient approximation rather than exhaustive comparison.
• createIndex()createIndex() is a MongoDB database method that creates an index on a collection with specified key and option definitions.
• Atlas FunctionAn Atlas Function is server-side JavaScript code hosted by MongoDB Atlas that controls application behavior and can access Atlas data or invoke other functions.
• $vectorSearch$vectorSearch is a MongoDB aggregation pipeline stage that performs vector similarity search with optional filtering.
• vector indexA vector index is a specialized index structure that organizes vector embeddings for efficient similarity search.
• Atlas Performance AdvisorAtlas Performance Advisor is a MongoDB Atlas tool that analyzes database performance and recommends actions for detected issues.
• text chunkA text chunk is a bounded, coherent segment of source text, such as a paragraph or section, treated as one unit for processing.
• wildcardA wildcard expression specifies a text-search pattern containing placeholder characters that match variable text.
• primary nodeA primary member is the replica set member that accepts write operations and coordinates replication.
• index scanAn index scan is query execution that traverses index entries to locate documents matching query conditions.
• MongoDB Query APIThe MongoDB Query API is the interface for querying, modifying, and transforming data in MongoDB through CRUD operations and aggregation pipelines.
• client-side field-level encryptionClient-side field-level encryption (CSFLE) is a MongoDB technique that encrypts selected document fields in the client application before they are sent to the database.
• Queryable EncryptionQueryable Encryption is a MongoDB encryption feature that permits supported queries over encrypted fields while keeping their plaintext values hidden from the database service.
• principle of least privilegeThe principle of least privilege is a security practice of granting each identity only the permissions necessary for its tasks.
• proximity queryProximity search uses a query that finds documents whose terms occur within a specified positional distance of one another.
• DocumentA document is a JSON-like data structure containing named fields and their values, potentially including arrays and nested documents.
• oplog minimum retention periodThe oplog minimum retention period is a MongoDB setting specifying the minimum age-based duration for retaining oplog entries.
• text operatorThe Atlas Search text operator performs full-text matching against indexed text using the analyzer configured for the search index.
• sorting algorithmSorting is the ordering of query results according to one or more document fields.
• information retrievalInformation retrieval is the process of finding relevant information from a collection of stored data in response to an information need.
• initial syncInitial sync is the process by which a new or empty replica-set member copies existing data and subsequent operations to reach the current replica-set state.
• follower nodeA secondary member is a replica set member that replicates data from the primary and can serve configured read operations.
• facet operatorA facet operator groups matching search results by values or ranges in specified fields and returns counts for the groups.
• backup and restoreA backup is a stored copy of database data that can be used to recover from loss or corruption.
• Flex clusterA Flex cluster is a MongoDB Atlas cluster tier for small applications and development workloads with usage-based capacity.
• database transactionA transaction is a group of database operations committed as one unit or rolled back so that partial execution is not persisted.
• faceted searchFaceted search presents categorized result groups with counts so users can filter and refine a result set.
• mongoshmongosh is MongoDB's interactive command-line shell for connecting to servers and executing database commands and queries.
• Namespace InsightsNamespace Insights is a MongoDB Atlas monitoring feature that reports query latency and other performance information at the database-collection namespace level.
• Real-Time Performance PanelThe Real-Time Performance Panel (RTPP) is an Atlas monitoring interface that displays live database resource, query, network, and replication metrics.
• time-series collectionA time-series collection is a MongoDB collection optimized for storing and querying measurements associated with time values.
• write concernWrite concern is a MongoDB configuration that specifies the acknowledgment requirements a write must satisfy before it is reported as successful.
• Atlas Online ArchiveAtlas Online Archive is a MongoDB Atlas capability that automatically moves infrequently accessed or historical collection data to lower-cost archival storage while retaining query access.
• event-driven architectureAn event-driven application is an application whose components communicate and react through events rather than relying primarily on direct requests for data.
• SQL triggerA database trigger responds to changes in database data, such as modifications to documents in a collection.
• Atlas Query ProfilerAtlas Query Profiler is an Atlas monitoring feature that analyzes query activity and performance statistics to identify slow-running queries.
• capped collectionA capped collection is a fixed-size MongoDB collection that preserves insertion order and limits stored data by size or count.
• MongoDB replica setA replica set is a group of database servers that maintain replicated copies of data with automatic primary election for availability.
• horizontal scalingHorizontal scaling is the practice of increasing capacity by distributing workloads across additional machines or partitions.
• tumbling window$tumblingWindow is an Atlas Stream Processing aggregation pipeline stage that partitions a data stream into fixed, nonoverlapping time windows.
• alertingAn alert is a configured notification generated when a monitored database, user, account, or deployment condition is met.
• M0 tierAn M0 cluster is MongoDB Atlas's no-cost shared cluster tier with limited resources, storage, and feature access.
• compound operatorA compound operator is an Atlas Search operator that combines multiple search operators into one query expression.
• collModcollMod is a MongoDB database command that modifies the options and configuration of an existing collection or index.
• viewA MongoDB view is a queryable, read-only entity whose contents are generated dynamically from an aggregation pipeline over collections or other views.
• BSONBSON is a binary serialization format for documents that extends JSON-like data with additional types such as dates and binary data.
• single-column indexA single-field index is an index whose key consists of one document field and whose entries are ordered by that field's values.
• $search$search is a MongoDB aggregation pipeline stage that performs full-text and related search operations using MongoDB Search capabilities.
• range queryA range query selects records whose indexed or comparable values fall within specified lower and upper bounds or ordering conditions.
• static mappingStatic mapping is a search-index configuration that explicitly defines which document fields and subfields are indexed and how they are mapped.
• data integrityData consistency is the property that stored data remains accurate, coherent, and compliant with defined integrity constraints.
• MongoDB driverThe Ruby driver is a language-specific MongoDB client library for connecting Ruby applications and executing database queries.
• composite indexA compound index is an index whose key consists of multiple document fields.
• replicationReplication is the maintenance of synchronized copies of database data across multiple server instances.
• cluster tierA cluster tier is a predefined Atlas deployment size and resource configuration that determines a cluster's available compute and storage capabilities.
• document databaseA document database stores records as self-contained documents, typically allowing each document to have a different structure.
• phrase operatorA phrase operator is an Atlas Search operator that matches terms occurring in a specified relative arrangement and allowable distance.
• $$SEARCH_META$$SEARCH_META is an aggregation variable containing metadata produced by a preceding Atlas Search query.
• retrieval-augmented generationRetrieval-augmented generation is an AI technique that retrieves external information and supplies it to a generative model when producing a response.
• SQL interfaceThe Atlas SQL Interface is a MongoDB Atlas interface that allows SQL-based tools and queries to analyze Atlas data.
• roleA database role is a named set of permissions assigned to a user or other identity.
• materialized viewA materialized view is a persistently stored result of a query or transformation that can be refreshed as source data changes.
• retention policyA retention policy defines how long backup copies or recovery data are preserved.
• $lookup$lookup is an aggregation pipeline stage that performs a left outer join with documents from another collection.
• time windowA time window partitions streaming data into a bounded set of records delimited by time for stateful processing.
• createSearchIndexes database commanddb.collection.createSearchIndex() is a mongosh collection helper method that creates an Atlas Search index from a name and configuration document.
• defense in depthDefense in depth is a security strategy that layers multiple independent defensive mechanisms so that one breached control does not expose an entire system.
• Order propertyEvent ordering is the determination of the sequence in which events occurred or should be processed.
• tokenA token is a text unit produced during analysis for indexing and searching, such as a word, phrase, or symbol.
• tokenizationTokenization is the process of dividing a stream of text into smaller units called tokens.
• vectorizationAn embedding model is a machine learning model that transforms text or other data into numerical vector representations.
• state persistencePersistence is the durable storage of program state so that it survives beyond a single program execution.
• databaseA database is a logical container that organizes related collections or tables and their stored data.
• custom roleA custom role is a database role whose privileges are explicitly defined rather than inherited solely from a built-in role.
• atomicityAtomicity is a transaction property in which an operation completes entirely or has no effect.
• inverted indexAn inverted index is a search data structure that maps terms to the documents or positions in which they occur.
• UNWINDUNWIND is an SQL function that expands array-valued data into separate rows or records.
• stream processing instanceA stream processing instance is an Atlas resource namespace associated with connection, deployment, and security configuration for running stream processors.
• $set stageA $set stage is an aggregation pipeline stage that adds or modifies fields while retaining the other fields in each document.
• time seriesTime-series data is a sequence of observations whose values are associated with timestamps and analyzed through changes over time.
• schema validationSchema validation is a collection-level MongoDB feature that constrains documents to specified structural and value rules.
• chained replicationChained replication is a replication topology in which a secondary copies operations from another secondary instead of directly from the primary.
• db.getReplicationInfo()db.getReplicationInfo() is a MongoDB database method that returns replication-status information derived from oplog data.
• file-based initial syncFile-based initial sync is a MongoDB Enterprise synchronization method that initializes a member by copying database files rather than logically copying documents.
• idempotencyAn idempotent operation produces the same resulting state when applied repeatedly as when applied once.
• logical initial syncLogical initial sync is a MongoDB synchronization method that copies collection documents and indexes, records concurrent oplog entries, and applies those entries to catch up.
• oplog sizeOplog size is the configured storage capacity allocated to a MongoDB replica-set member's oplog.
• oplog windowThe oplog window is the time span covered by the oldest and newest retained entries in an oplog.
• replication lagReplication lag is the delay between an operation being recorded or applied on the primary and being applied on a replica.
• replSetResizeOplogreplSetResizeOplog is a MongoDB administrative command that dynamically changes a replica-set member's oplog size.
• similarity metricA similarity score is a numeric measure of how closely a query vector matches a document vector embedding.
• private endpointA private endpoint is a network endpoint that provides private access to an Atlas VPC from a connected virtual private cloud without traversing the public internet.
• read concernRead concern is a MongoDB setting that specifies the consistency and visibility guarantees for data returned by read operations.
• mongosmongos is MongoDB's query-routing process that directs client operations to the appropriate shards in a sharded cluster.
• db.createCollection()db.createCollection() is the MongoDB database method that explicitly creates a collection and accepts collection options such as capped, time-series, and validation settings.
• snapshotA backup snapshot is a stored point-in-time copy of a database deployment's data for recovery.
• LangServeLangServe is a LangChain package for deploying runnable chains as APIs and providing interfaces for interacting with them.
• shared-responsibility modelA shared responsibility model is a security arrangement that divides operational and security obligations among a service provider, infrastructure providers, and customers.
• customer-managed keyA customer-managed key is a cryptographic key whose lifecycle and access permissions are controlled by the customer rather than solely by the service provider.
• storage autoscalingStorage autoscaling is the automatic increase of a database deployment's persistent storage capacity in response to storage utilization.
• execution planA query execution plan is the database engine's strategy and sequence of operations for processing a query and returning its results.
• collStatscollStats is a MongoDB command that returns document counts, data size, index counts, and related statistics for a collection.
• dbStatsdbStats is a MongoDB command that returns size, data usage, index usage, and storage-efficiency statistics for a database.
• MongoDB diagnostic commandA MongoDB diagnostic command is an administrative database command that reports server state, resource usage, workload activity, or other operational information.
• serverStatusserverStatus is a MongoDB command that returns a document containing server state, resource, connection, network, operation, and storage-engine metrics.
• toptop is a MongoDB diagnostic command that reports cumulative time and operation counts for reads and writes by database and collection.
• $group$group is a MongoDB aggregation pipeline stage that groups documents by an expression and computes aggregate results for each group.
• createIndexes commandcreateIndexes() is a MongoDB collection method that creates one or more indexes from specified key patterns and options.
• db.createView()db.createView() is the MongoDB database method that creates a named read-only view from an aggregation pipeline over a collection or view.
• namespaceA namespace is MongoDB's unique identifier for a collection formed by combining its database name and collection name with a dot.
• storage capacityDisk space, or storage capacity, is the amount of persistent storage available or provisioned for database data and related processing requirements.
• atlas backups restores startatlas backups restores start is an Atlas CLI command that initiates a MongoDB Atlas restore job.
• recovery point objectiveA recovery point objective is the maximum acceptable amount of data loss expressed as elapsed time.
• reshardingResharding is the process of redistributing a sharded collection's data across shards, typically according to a shard key or placement configuration.
• Atlas Search NodeAn Atlas Search Node is a specialized MongoDB Atlas node that runs search services separately from database-serving processes.
• read preferenceRead preference is a MongoDB setting that determines whether read operations are directed to the primary or secondary members of a replica set.
• dotted notationDot notation is MongoDB query syntax that accesses fields in nested documents or fields across array elements by joining path components with periods.
• slow-operation thresholdA slow-operation threshold is a configured execution-time boundary above which database operations are classified as slow.
• denormalizationA denormalized data model stores related data together or redundantly to reduce the need for joins, separate queries, or cross-record operations.
• auditabilityAn audit log is a chronological record of security-relevant actions and events for accountability and review.
• index prefixAn index prefix is a leading subset of the key fields in a compound index that preserves their indexed order.
• TTL indexA TTL index is a MongoDB index that automatically expires and removes documents according to an indexed date field and expiration interval.
• Atlas ChartsAtlas Charts is MongoDB Atlas's data-visualization tool for creating interactive charts from database data.
• Extended JSONExtended JSON is a human-readable JSON extension that represents BSON and other data types not natively supported by standard JSON.
• shard-key analyzeranalyzeShardKey is a MongoDB database command that returns metrics describing a candidate shard key's characteristics and read and write distribution.
• HashiCorp VaultHashiCorp Vault is a secrets-management tool that securely stores, controls, and provides access to sensitive credentials and other secrets.
• autoscalingScaling down is reducing a deployment's provisioned cluster tier or resource capacity.
• db.currentOp()db.currentOp() is a MongoDB database method that returns information about currently executing operations.
• fetch stageThe FETCH stage is a MongoDB query execution stage that retrieves complete documents identified by an earlier index or record scan.
• language modelA large language model is a machine learning model with many parameters trained to process and generate natural language.
• network isolationNetwork isolation is the restriction of communication paths so that protected systems are reachable only through permitted network boundaries.
• config serverA MongoDB config server stores metadata describing the shards and the locations of data in a sharded cluster.
• subdocumentA nested document is a document stored as a field value inside another document or as an element of an array.
• connection stringA connection string is a configuration string that specifies how a client connects to a database deployment, including its address and connection options.
• $merge$merge is an aggregation pipeline stage that writes pipeline results to a specified collection by inserting, updating, replacing, retaining, or otherwise handling matching documents according to configured behavior.
• query targeting scoreQuery targeting is a metric of query efficiency based on how many objects a query scans relative to the objects it returns.
• cursorA cursor is an object representing an incremental result set from a database query and providing methods for traversing its documents.
• $emit$emit is an Atlas Stream Processing stage that sends processed records to an external stream destination such as a Kafka topic.
• hallucinationAn AI hallucination is plausible-sounding generated content that is incorrect, unsupported, or nonsensical.
• logical backupA logical backup stores database content as logical records or serialized documents rather than copying the underlying physical data layer.
• embeddingEmbedding is the schema-design technique of storing related data inside a parent document, typically as a nested document or array.
• one-to-many relationshipA one-to-many relationship associates one document or field with multiple related documents or subdocuments.
• insertOne()insertOne() is a MongoDB write operation that inserts a single document into a collection.
• VPC peeringA VPC peering connection is a private network connection that routes traffic between two virtual private clouds.
• replica-set electionA replica-set election is the process by which MongoDB members select a primary member.
• identity providerAn identity provider is a service that authenticates users and supplies verified identity information to relying applications or services.
• LuceneApache Lucene is an open-source Java information-retrieval library that provides indexing and search capabilities for text and other data.
• API stabilityThe MongoDB Stable API is a versioned API compatibility contract that preserves supported command behavior across MongoDB server upgrades.
• callback APIThe Callback API is MongoDB's transaction interface that runs transaction operations through a callback and manages transaction completion and retries.
• rag-mongo templateThe rag-mongo template is a LangChain project template for building retrieval-augmented generation applications backed by MongoDB Atlas.
• explain()explain() is a MongoDB method that returns information about how a database operation is planned and executed.
• slot-based query engineThe slot-based query engine is MongoDB's query execution engine that represents intermediate values in slots and generally reduces CPU and memory use.
• rs.status()rs.status() is a MongoDB shell method that returns the current status of replica-set members and replication.
• authorizationAccess control is the enforcement of rules governing which identities may access resources or perform operations.
• find()find() is a MongoDB Query API method that returns a cursor for documents matching an optional query filter in a collection.
• WiredTigerAn encrypted storage engine is a database storage engine that protects persisted data through encryption.
• monitoringDatabase monitoring is the continuous observation of database health, resource usage, performance, and operational events.
• sequential scanA collection scan is query execution that examines documents throughout a collection to find matches without relying on an applicable index.
• auditAuditing is the recording and review of security-relevant database activity for accountability and compliance.
• balancerThe MongoDB balancer is the cluster component that distributes sharded data among shards to maintain balanced data placement.
• Atlas SearchAtlas Search is MongoDB Atlas's embedded full-text search capability, built on Apache Lucene and supporting features such as scoring and faceting.
• authCheck eventAn authCheck event is an audit event recording an attempted database authorization check, including attempts to read or write data.
• control plane auditingControl Plane auditing is Atlas auditing of administrative events initiated through the Atlas control plane, including the Atlas UI and related interfaces.
• authentication triggerAn authentication trigger is a trigger activated by user authentication events such as account creation, login, or deletion.
• key management serviceEncryption key management is the administration and controlled use of cryptographic keys for encrypting and decrypting protected data.
• ESR ruleThe ESR rule is a MongoDB compound-index design guideline that orders equality fields before sort fields and range fields.
• MongoDB CompassMongoDB Compass is a graphical user interface for exploring databases, inspecting collections, and running MongoDB queries.
• checkpointingA stream processing checkpoint is a persisted record of processing progress and state that allows a stream processor to resume consistently after interruption.
• db.collection.getSearchIndexes()db.collection.getSearchIndex() is a MongoDB collection method that retrieves the configuration of one or more Atlas Search indexes.
• OpenAIEmbeddingsOpenAIEmbeddings is a LangChain integration that generates vector representations using an OpenAI embedding model.
• PyPDFLoaderPyPDFLoader is a LangChain document loader that retrieves and extracts text from PDF files.
• RecursiveCharacterTextSplitterRecursiveCharacterTextSplitter is a LangChain text-splitting component that recursively divides text into smaller character-based chunks.
• text analyzerA text analyzer is a search component that processes text into terms for indexing and querying.
• IP access listAn IP access list is a set of network addresses permitted to connect to a protected service or deployment.
• multifactor authenticationMFA, or multifactor authentication, verifies an identity using two or more independent authentication factors.
• prefilteringA prefilter is a predicate applied before vector similarity search to restrict the candidate documents.
• ChatOpenAIChatOpenAI is a LangChain chat-model integration for invoking OpenAI conversational language models.
• ChatPromptTemplateChatPromptTemplate is a LangChain component that constructs a formatted chat prompt from message templates and input values.
• RunnableParallelRunnableParallel is a LangChain runnable that evaluates multiple input mappings in parallel and returns their combined results.
• RunnablePassthroughRunnablePassthrough is a LangChain runnable that forwards its input unchanged to a subsequent chain stage.
• StrOutputParserStrOutputParser is a LangChain component that converts a language-model result into a string output.
• schema suggestionA schema suggestion is a proposed change to field structure, indexes, or data types based on observed collection traffic and query behavior.
• $project$project is a MongoDB aggregation pipeline stage that includes, excludes, or computes fields in the documents it passes through.
• distributed transactionA distributed transaction is a transaction whose operations involve multiple database resources or partitions and require coordinated commit or rollback.
• privilege actionA privilege action is a grantable authorization specifying an operation that an identity may perform on an Atlas Stream Processing resource.
• cosine similarityCosine similarity is a measure of the cosine of the angle between two vectors, indicating their directional similarity.
• HNSWHNSW is a graph-based approximate nearest-neighbor search algorithm that organizes data points into multiple navigable layers.
• $unset stageThe $unset stage is an aggregation pipeline stage that removes specified fields from each document.
• event streaming systemAn event streaming platform is a distributed system that persistently transports and stores high-volume event streams for real-time or later processing.
• Euclidean distanceEuclidean distance is the straight-line distance between two points or vectors in Euclidean space.
• insertMany()insertMany() is a MongoDB write method that inserts multiple documents into a collection in one operation.
• visualizationA data visualization is a graphical representation of data designed to reveal patterns, comparisons, or other analytical results.
• dynamic mappingDynamic mapping is an Atlas Search index setting that automatically indexes fields discovered in documents according to inferred field types.
• pymongoPyMongo is the official Python driver for connecting applications to MongoDB and performing database operations.
• chunk presplittingChunk presplitting is the proactive division of an empty sharded collection into planned shard-key ranges before bulk data ingestion.
• $elemMatch operatorThe $elemMatch operator selects array documents or elements for which a single array element satisfies multiple specified criteria.
• classic query engineThe classic query engine is MongoDB's original query execution engine for planning and running database operations.
• updateOne()updateOne() is a MongoDB update method that modifies the first document matching a filter, or inserts a document when upsert is enabled and no match exists.
• atlas customDbRoles createatlas customDbRoles create is an Atlas CLI command that creates a custom database role with specified privileges.
• many-to-many relationshipA many-to-many relationship allows multiple documents on each side to be associated with multiple documents on the other side.
• full-text search indexA text index is an index that supports text-search queries over string fields.
• CRUDA CRUD operation is a database operation that creates, reads, updates, or deletes data.
• TLSTLS is a cryptographic network protocol that provides encrypted communication and server or client authentication over a network connection.
• reindexingReindexing is the process of rebuilding a search index from source data according to an updated index definition.
• schemaA schema is a specification of the fields, structures, and data types that an application's stored documents may contain.
• local Atlas clusterA local Atlas cluster is a locally running MongoDB deployment that emulates the environment and capabilities of a cloud-based MongoDB Atlas cluster.
• aggregation frameworkThe aggregation framework is MongoDB's pipeline-based system for transforming, grouping, and computing results from document data.
• document-oriented data modelA document-oriented data model represents records as self-contained documents, typically with nested and variably structured fields.
• COLLSCANCOLLSCAN is a MongoDB query-plan stage that examines documents by scanning an entire collection rather than using an index.
• totalDocsExaminedtotalDocsExamined is an explain-plan metric reporting the number of documents examined while executing a MongoDB operation.
• totalKeysExaminedtotalKeysExamined is an explain-plan metric reporting the number of index keys examined while executing a MongoDB operation.
• aggregation pipeline builderThe Aggregation Pipeline Builder is MongoDB Compass's visual interface for constructing, configuring, and previewing aggregation pipelines.
• major upgradeA major upgrade is a software-version upgrade that introduces substantial changes and typically requires explicit initiation and preparation.
• software upgradeAn upgrade is a change that moves a software system or database deployment to a newer version.
• multikey indexA multikey index is a MongoDB index that creates index entries for the elements of an array field to support efficient queries on array contents.
• IAM roleAn AWS IAM role is an AWS identity with a defined set of permissions that services or users can assume without using long-term credentials.
• Lightweight Directory Access ProtocolLDAP is a directory-access protocol for querying and managing identity and organizational information in a directory service.
• SCRAMSCRAM is a challenge-response authentication mechanism that derives authentication proofs from a username and password without transmitting the password directly.
• X.509 certificateAn X.509 certificate is a standardized digital certificate that binds an identity to a public key for authenticated cryptographic communication.
• executionStatsexecutionStats is an explain verbosity mode that reports the selected query plan together with query execution statistics.
• spatial indexA geospatial index is an index structure that accelerates queries based on geographic location, distance, or spatial relationships.
• DockerA Docker container is an isolated runtime instance created from a Docker image.
• replica set tagA replica set tag is metadata assigned to a MongoDB replica set member that allows read preference selection to match members by attributes such as geographic location.
• $limit$limit is an aggregation pipeline stage that restricts the number of documents passed to later stages or returned by the pipeline.
• $match$match is an aggregation pipeline stage that filters documents according to specified query conditions.
• $sort$sort is an aggregation pipeline stage that orders documents according to specified field values.
• data residencyA data residency policy specifies the geographic locations in which data may be stored or processed.
• Atlas In-Use EncryptionAtlas In-Use Encryption is a MongoDB security feature that keeps sensitive data encrypted on the client while it is processed and stored by the database.
• deterministic encryptionDeterministic encryption is an encryption technique in which the same plaintext encrypted with the same key always produces the same ciphertext.
• KMIPKMIP is an open standard protocol for interoperable management and exchange of cryptographic keys, certificates, and related objects.
• partial indexA partial index indexes only documents that satisfy a specified filter expression.
• listCollectionslistCollections is a MongoDB database command that returns collection metadata and supports filtering collections by properties such as type.
• keyword queryA search query is an expression specifying terms, phrases, conditions, or patterns to match against indexed content.
• QueryParserQueryParser is a Lucene component that parses query syntax and converts it into executable search queries.
• durabilityData durability is the property that committed data remains recoverable after process termination or system failure.
• referenceA data pointer is an index component that identifies the location of corresponding data within a database.
• name-value pairA key-value pair is an association between a named key and the value stored under that key.
• $planCacheStats$planCacheStats is a MongoDB aggregation pipeline stage that returns query plan cache entries and their statistics.
• hidden indexA hidden index is a MongoDB index excluded from query-planner consideration while remaining maintained and enforceable like an unhidden index.
• logLogging is the systematic recording of system activities, user actions, and application events for later review and analysis.
• query plan cacheA query plan cache is a database-maintained cache of execution plans associated with query shapes or operations.
• federated identity integrationFederated identity management is a model in which an external identity provider manages identities and enables authentication across multiple relying services.
• index buildAn index build is the process of constructing an index for a collection while coordinating access, replication, voting, and commit or abort decisions.
• hotspotA hotspot is a concentration of sharded data or database activity on a subset of shards that creates uneven load and can reduce performance.
• distributed query processorA distributed query engine is a system that executes queries across data distributed among multiple storage sources or locations.
• protocol version 1PV1 is MongoDB's replica-set election protocol version based on the Raft consensus algorithm.
• ElasticsearchElasticsearch is a distributed search and analytics engine for indexing, searching, and analyzing structured and unstructured data.
• hashed shardingHashed sharding distributes documents according to hash values derived from shard-key values rather than their original ordering.
• IOPSIOPS is the number of input and output operations that a storage system can perform per second.
• IOPS provisioningProvisioned IOPS is a storage configuration that reserves a specified maximum input/output operation rate for a database workload.
• NVMe solid-state driveNVMe SSD is solid-state storage accessed through the Non-Volatile Memory Express protocol for high-throughput and low-latency I/O.
• atlas deployments setupThe setup command is an Atlas CLI subcommand that creates a local deployment.
• MotorMotor is an asynchronous Python driver for MongoDB that integrates with Python asynchronous programming frameworks.
• bulk insertionBulk insertion is the technique of inserting multiple records through a grouped database operation rather than separate operations.
• encryption in transitEncryption in transit is the protection of data while it is transmitted across networks by encoding it against unauthorized disclosure or alteration.
• sessionA client session is an application-created MongoDB session context that groups operations and supports transactions, ordering, and related settings.
• uptimeHigh availability is an operational property in which a system remains accessible despite component failures or maintenance.

These guides are generated from the text of Manning books by Manning's knowledge graph and link to the sections they draw on. The full books are available on liveBook and at manning.com.